EarthStation1 MediaOutlet News: Today's 15% Off Specials & #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Titles At EarthStation1.com!

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Old Time Radio Crime & Detective MP3 MegaSet DVD, Download, USB
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30: National Cheesecake Day: -- A yearly offering for a day of a slice of one of America's favorite desserts! Order up a cheesecake with your favorite topping. Get it delivered or make it at home. This smooth dessert hits the spot when the end of the meal rolls around. While most cakes have a crumb, cheesecake's texture is nothing like cake. Indeed, its creamy, thick pudding-like character comes from the soft cheese used as the main ingredient. Depending on the recipe, either cream cheese or cottage cheese is used. When the cheese is mixed with sugar, eggs, and other ingredients, the batter is added to a crust. When making cheesecake, one of the most common crusts used is a graham cracker crust. Other options include a cookie crust, pastry or sponge cake. However, some cheesecakes are crustless. Recipes vary and cheesecakes may be prepared baked or unbaked. When faced with choosing a cheesecake flavor, don't panic. While the options may seem overwhelming, bakers solved this problem. They offer a variety of flavors in one cake. So, take one home and try each one. Since cheesecakes do come in a wide variety, consider your tastes. If you prefer summer fruits and berries, cheesecakes have you covered. Tropical options hit the spot, too. For coffee lovers, bakers provide a rich selection. And don't forget delicious chocolate and nutty flavors. Each cheesecake may be served with fresh fruit, a sauce, whipped cream or plain. When it comes to searching for cheesecake's history, we look to ancient Greece. A form of the dessert comes up as a recipe served to athletes. It has been found that the earliest attested mention of a cheesecake is by Greek physician Aegimus, who wrote a book on the art of making cheesecakes. While recipes for cheesecake served athletes in ancient Greece, cream cheese has been a part of American's dessert making since about the 1820s. However, after the advent of pasteurization, mass production became possible. One dairy farmer from Chester, New York, decided to be the first. William A. Lawrence purchased a Neufchatel factory to begin his production and in 1873 the first mass-produced cream cheese became a reality. Styles of Cheesecakes include: New York-style; Pennsylvania Dutch-style; Philadelphia-style; Farmer cheese; Country-style; Lactose-free; Cheesecake Kludys; Chicago Style; Savory! To observe National Cheesecake Day, whether you make one at home or pick one up at a bakery, savor the creamy taste of cheesecake! And post on social media using #NationalCheesecakeDay and share your favorite variety. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/old-time-radio-crime-and-detective-megaset-3-dual-layer-mp3-dv33.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: United Nations Documentaries Set DVD MP4 Download USB Drive
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30: International Day Of Friendship: -- The United Nations General Assembly (U.N.). founded this holiday for us to step back and get thankful for these relationships worldwide, as they promote and encourage peace, happiness, and unity. The U.N. encourages governments, community groups, and other organizations to coordinate activities and events that celebrate the friendships that we keep close to us. Many events focus on reconciliation, bridging understanding and consensus, and finding comfort in those friendships that feel like home. We live in a tough world. Between miscommunications, mistreatment, lack of trust, discrimination, and cultural discord, prioritizing peace seemingly has less of a presence in the global society. There really is no reason for the world not to exist in some harmonious form. We have the United Nations to thank for helping to remind us all that there is some good in this world. We were first introduced to International Day of Friendship in 2011; this special day goes beyond connecting people and builds bridges among cultures, countries, and even ideologies. Friendship and connections are synonymous with bonding, and building those common bonds goes beyond sharing a trait, characteristic, or favorite pastime with another person or group, but also includes promoting a global commitment and understanding of diversity and inclusion. Even in our differences, we can find common ground. Physical appearances, differences of opinions, political views, tastes, music, and more are not reasons to separate people. Relationships are bigger than that, and the UN works to promote kindness and togetherness every July. Celebrating friendships through things as simple as a brief note, a coffee hang out, going to a concert, or taking a trip to the mall are all ways to find commonalities. Again, we have more in common than we all realize. And any idea that minimizes the amount of hatred and disdain spread throughout the world is the kind we want to be shared. We'd like to think that something we all have in common. Before the U.N. made its designation, the very first World Friendship Day was proposed in 1958 by the World Friendship Crusade, which is an international civil organization that campaigns to foster peaceful culture through friendship. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/united-nations-documentaries-set-dvd-mp4-download-usb-driv4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Beatles Live At Budokan 1966 MP3 CD Download USB Flash Drive
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30: Paperback Book Day: -- If you are an avid reader, you will know the joy that comes with reading paperback books. Books, both fiction and nonfiction, contain worlds of wonderment. They allow us to explore new insights into all matters of life, death, and beyond. By reading, we also become better at vocabulary and other linguistic skills. Books are also a great way to understand and develop emotional skills like empathy. Knowing the countless benefits of paperback books, which include being able to easily carry them with you anywhere, publishers opted for the much more cost-friendly option of softcovers/softbacks over hardcovers/hardbacks. Paperback Book Day is an ode to the paperback books in the world and the journey they've come along since their inception. Many people think of the English publishing house, Penguin, when they think of paperback history. While it is true that paperbacks' popularity on a large scale took place when Penguin started commercializing the idea in the 20th century, the history of paperbacks goes further back to the 17th century. European countries like Germany and France were already publishing stories and papers in the paperback-like format then. James Fenimore Cooper, an American writer, also published frontier stories in a similar style. With the invention of the printing press and other publication technologies, more and more stories were being published in a similar paperback fashion on a greater scale. The publishing world's 'dime novels' and 'penny dreadfuls' are, in fact, products of the same business phenomena. Coming back to Penguin, its owner, Allen Lane, was going bankrupt due to his publishing business, The Bodley Head, facing a heavy recession during the 1930s, at the start of the Depression period. Lane was riding a train with Agatha Christie and her husband. At the time, Christie had already published her works with Lane's publishing house. Lane was troubled with his failing business, and he was on the lookout for any idea that would save it. Whilst waiting for his train, he was browsing through a station stall for something to read. Upon finding nothing good except for magazines and low-quality paperback fiction, he realized that he could bank on the idea of high-quality paperbacks, which would automatically raise profits by allowing more people to access good fiction at lower price rates. From then on, paperbacks became a favorite with publishers and readers. Many new books first come out in paperbacks before they are released in hardbacks. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/images/the-beatles-live-at-budokan-1966-mp3-cd-download-usb-flash-19663.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Teenagers! Classic Youth Social Guidance Films DVD, MP4, USB Drive
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30: National Support Public Education Day: -- There's no doubt that children are the future of any country, and today raises awareness about this fact. Education is a basic and important right of all human beings. A nation can only hope to move forward in all aspects of life if its citizens are sufficiently educated and learned. By learning about the intricacies of science, technology, social issues, and commerce, people will be able to pinpoint which sectors need improvement and which can lead them to the most advantageous position on the world stage. And thanks to the hundreds of education scholarships available out there, more and more people of all backgrounds can have access to high educational attainment. This is why we should strive to support public education by raising our voices for it. The first National Support Public Education Day was commemorated in 2010. If we are to look at the history of formal schooling, many records state that Egypt may have had precedent in forming a school system. During the reign of Mentuhotep II in 2000 B.C., schools were developed to educate rich and influential people's children. These pupils were all male, and they only included royal families, ministerial staff, temple administrators, and physicians. Females, be it royal or otherwise, stayed at home to learn about familial and household duties. As time passed, more and more people enrolled their children into schools, and this time, females also had the opportunity to become pupils. One example of the earliest records of females going to school can be traced back to the early Islamic eras. Once Prophet Muhammad, the last prophet of Islam, started preaching, he ensured that females were given their due rights to education. He believed that an educated individual, male or female, can work to progress the Islamic society in sectors of science, technology, and other areas of life. Coming to the public education sector in America, it wasn't developed until public schools were established and encouraged. The Founding Fathers of the U.S. were of the strong belief that a truly democratic country can only become strong if all of its citizens have access to education. If people are educated, they can be more aware of the political and social issues plaguing the nation. People will also be able to make better decisions when taking part in civilian duties and elections. Being aware of their rights, morals, and virtues would allow people to lead a good life and become better human beings in the long run. Thus, schooling would teach people to critically analyze the information presented to them, and make better decisions as a result of it. Unfortunately, not everyone has access to education. Moreover, the public education sector needs funding to not only provide better education but also to retain its employees and students. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/teenagers-classic-youth-social-guidance-films-dvd-set-2-disc2.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Bad Blood: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment DVD, MP4, USB Drive
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30: National Whistleblower Day: -- A commemoration of the July 30th, 1778 passage of the Continental Congress' historic and unanimous resolution that honored ten sailors and marines who spoke out against their commander's abuses of his office. In doing so, the Founding Fathers declared it was the duty of all Americans, "to give the earliest information to Congress or other proper authority of any misconduct, frauds, or misdemeanors." (It further enacted the world's first law protecting whistleblowers as a result of the sailors' reports.) It therefore commemorates the day our Founding Fathers recognized the need to protect those who report corruption when they see it. The day further reminds us to honor and support the people who speak up about fraud, abuse, or waste. In modern terms, it is an American necessity to report corruption when they suspect it. The United States Senate first recognized National Whistleblower Day in 2013. A whistleblower is an individual who reports suspicious activity. These activities include violations, exploitation, misrepresentations, or other infractions. The activity may be within an organization, either public or private. Notably, the history of whistleblowers is long and often trying. While legislation now protects whistleblowers from retaliation by their employers (see Gravitt below), they still carry a heavy burden. Usually, once they have filed a report, legal battles follow. The day commemorates events put into motion by Lieutenant Richard Marven and midshipman Samuel Shaw in 1777. Considered the first whistleblowers in the United States, Marven and Shaw served in the Continental Navy. The two men, along with eight other sailors, reported abuses against British prisoners by Commodore Esek Hopkins. One of the most notable whistleblowers in the United States government was Mark Felt. Known for years as Deep Throat, he was crucial to helping Washington Post reporters Bob Woodard and Carl Bernstein bring to light the Watergate scandal. From 1972 to 1974, they investigated wiretapping and theft connected to President Richard Nixon's reelection campaign. However, the government is not the only place these crimes take place. From banking and big business to non-profits, whistleblowers report activity to help stop it. Some organizations promote the day with special events such as the National Whistleblower Center. Other noted whistleblowers include: Smedley Butler, American general who exposing the 1933 Business Plot to overthrow President Franklin D. Roosevelt; Peter Buxtun, who exposed the Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment.; Frank Serpico, who blew the whistle on corruption in the NYPD; John Michael Gravitt, who exposed GE's bill for work on the B-1 Bomber they didn't do; and more. To observe National Whistleblower Day: Learn more about those who report fraud, waste, and abuse. Discover the protections in place for them, too. Review your company or organization's ethics policies. Read about or watch documentaries on the subject of whistleblowers. And use #NationalWhistleblowerDay to share on social media. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/bad-blood-the-tuskeegee-syphilis-experiment-dvd-mp4-us4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The American Adventure: TV History Series 1607-1876 DVD MP4 USB Drive
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1733: Spirituality: Fraternal Organizations: Freemasonry (Masonry): Freemasonry In The United States: Grand Lodges: Grand Lodges In The United States: The Most Worshipful Grand Lodge Pf Ancient Free And Accepted Masons Of The Commonwealth Of Massachusetts (The Grand Lodge Of Massachusetts, GLMA): -- The Grand Lodge Of Massachusetts is constituted, one of three claimants to being the first Masonic Grand Lodge in the future United States. A Grand Lodge, also called a Grand Orient or another similar title, is the overarching governing body of the fraternity of Freemasons (or other similarly organized group) in a given area, usually a city, state, or country. If the following dates are correct, The Grand Lodge Of Massachusetts, being Founded in 1733, is the fourth oldest Masonic Grand Lodge in the world, after The United Grand Lodge Of England (1717), The Grand Lodge Of Ireland (1725), and The Grand Lodge Of Pennsylvania (1731); however, this this claim is disputed by both the Grand Lodge Of Pennsylvania and The Grand Lodge Of Virginia, due to the cessation of regular meetings of the various lodges during The American Revolutionary War. Freemasonry in Massachusetts dates to the early 18th century, and the foundation of its Grand Lodge is wound through with the threads of the (then) ongoing disputes between the Moderns (The Premier Grand Lodge of England) and the Antients (the Antient Grand Lodge of England, now called The Ancient Grand Lodge of England). After the formation of the Moderns in 1717, and the amalgamation of individual Lodges into that body, Lodges and Masons in the Boston area asked one Brother Henry Price to go to London, and petition the Grand Lodge for a Warrant in order to be considered regular, in accordance with a regulation dated in 1721. Price did so, and returned in the spring of 1733 with more than just a Warrant for an individual Lodge - he was made the "Provincial Grand Master of New England and Dominions and Territories thereunto belonging" by the Grand Master, The Right Honorable and Right Worshipful Anthony Browne, 6th Viscount Montague. This Provincial Grand Lodge was historically known as St. John's Grand Lodge, and chartered numerous Lodges in the Colonies. The first one, which was chartered in Boston in 1733, was known and recorded as First Lodge in the English rolls of 1734, and is now known as St. John's Lodge. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-american-adventure-series-us-1st-century-4-dv14.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Henry Ford: Tin Lizzie Tycoon + Bonus Film DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1863: #BOTD: #HBD! Henry Ford, American automotive pioneer, captain of industry. engineer and businessman magnate, founded the Ford Motor Company and the sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production (d. April 7, 1947) is #born in Dearborn Township, Michigan. His father, William Ford (1826-1905), was born in County Cork, Ireland, to a family that had emigrated from Somerset, England in the 16th century. His mother, Mary Ford (nee Litogot; 1839-1876), was born in Michigan as the youngest child of Belgian immigrants. Although Ford did not invent the automobile or the assembly line, he developed and manufactured the first automobile that many middle-class Americans could afford. In doing so, Ford converted the automobile from an expensive curiosity into a practical conveyance that would profoundly impact the landscape of the 20th century. His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry. As the owner of the Ford Motor Company, he became one of the richest and best-known people in the world. He is credited with "Fordism": mass production of inexpensive goods coupled with high wages for workers. Ford had a global vision, with consumerism as the key to peace. His intense commitment to systematically lowering costs resulted in many technical and business innovations, including a franchise system that put dealerships throughout most of North America and in major cities on six continents. Ford left most of his vast wealth to the Ford Foundation and arranged for his family to control the company permanently. Ford was also widely known for his pacifism during the first years of World War I, and for promoting antisemitic content, including The Protocols of the Elders of Zion through his newspaper The Dearborn Independent and the book The International Jew. "History is bunk," he once said. In Aldous Huxley's Brave New World, Henry Ford is regarded as a messianic figure, Christian crosses have been truncated to T's, and all vehicles are called "Flivvers" (from the slang reference to the Model T). Moreover, the calendar is converted to an A.F. ("After Ford") system, wherein the calendar begins (AF 1) with the introduction of the Model T (AD 1908). Henry Ford died of a cerebral hemorrhage at Fair Lane, his estate in Dearborn, Michigan at the age of 83. A public viewing was held at Greenfield Village where up to 5,000 people per hour filed past the casket. Funeral services were held in Detroit's Cathedral Church of St. Paul and he was buried in the Ford Cemetery in Detroit. He left most of his wealth to the Ford Foundation, and control of the company to his family. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/henry-ford-tin-lizzie-tycoon-dvd-documentary.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: LBJ 1991 TV Documentary Series Lyndon Johnson DVD Download USB Drive
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1965: The Aftermath Of World War II: The Cold War: Progressivism: Progressivism In The United States: Liberalism: Liberalism In The United States: The Presidency Of Lyndon B. Johnson: The Great Society: The Social Security Act Of 1965 (The Social Security Amendments Of 1965): -- U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Social Security Act Of 1965 into law, establishing Medicare and Medicaid. Medicare is a government national health insurance program in the United States; Medicaid in the United States is a federal and state program that helps with healthcare costs for some people with limited income and resources. The signing took place in Independence, Missouri and was attended by former U.S. President Harry S. Truman, who had brought the concept of national health insurance to prominence during his administration following World War II. Johnson credited Truman with "planting the seeds of compassion and duty which have today flowered into care for the sick and serenity for the fearful." The signing of the act, as part of Johnson's Great Society, began an era with a greater emphasis on public health issues. Medicare and Medicaid became the country's first public health insurance programs. The legislation was vigorously opposed by the American Medical Association until it had been enacted, but the AMA obtained concessions and later co-operated in its implementation. Implementation of the amendments required extensive data processing and the re-configuration of hospital policies nationwide. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/lbj-1991-tv-documentary-series-lyndon-johnson-dvd-download-usb-d1991.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: USS Indianapolis: Ship Of Doom Naval Disaster Scandal MP4 Download DVD
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1945: The European Civil War: World War II: The Second European War (The European Theater Of World War II): Nuclear Weapons Programs Of The United States: The Manhattan Project (Codename: Development Of Substitute Materials): Nuclear Warfare: American Nuclear Warfare: Little Boy: The Transportation Voyage Of Little Boy By The USS Indianapolis (CA-35): The Sinking Of The USS Indianapolis: -- The greatest loss of life at sea from a single ship in the history of the US Navy (883 out of a crew of 1,195) occurs when the USS Indianapolis is sunk in the Philippine Sea on its way to the Philippines, after having completed its top-secret high-speed mission to deliver uranium and other components for the "Little Boy" atom bomb, the first nuclear weapon ever used in combat, to the USAAF Base on the island of Tinian. Most of the crew died during the following four days, until an aircraft noticed the survivors. At 00:15, Japanese submarine I-58, captained by Commander Mochitsura Hashimoto, who initially thought he had spotted the New Mexico-class battleship Idaho, struck Indianapolis on her starboard side by two Type 95 torpedoes, one in the bow and one amidships. The explosions caused massive damage. Indianapolis took on a heavy list (the ship had had a great deal of armament and gun-firing directors added as the war went on, and was therefore top-heavy) and settled by the bow. Twelve minutes later, she rolled completely over, then her stern rose into the air and she sank. Some 300 of the 1,195 crewmen aboard went down with the ship. With few lifeboats and many without life jackets, the remainder of the crew was set adrift. Navy command did not know of the ship's sinking until survivors were spotted in the open ocean three and a half days later. The Headquarters of Commander Marianas on Guam and of the Commander Philippine Sea Frontier on Leyte kept Operations plotting boards on which were plotted the positions of all vessels with which the headquarters were concerned. However, it was assumed that ships as large as Indianapolis would reach their destinations on time, unless reported otherwise. Therefore, their positions were based on predictions and not on reports. At 10:25 on August 2, a PV-1 Ventura flown by Lieutenant Wilbur "Chuck" Gwinn and his copilot, Lieutenant Warren Colwell, and a PBY-2 Catalina piloted by Bill Kitchen spotted the men adrift while on a routine patrol flight. Gwinn immediately dropped a life raft and radio transmitter. All air and surface units capable of rescue operations were dispatched to the scene at once. First to arrive was an amphibious PBY-5A Catalina patrol plane flown by Lieutenant Commander (USN) Robert Adrian Marks. Marks and his flight crew spotted the survivors and dropped life rafts; one raft was destroyed by the drop while others were too far away from the exhausted crew. Against standing orders not to land in open ocean, Marks took a vote of his crew and decided to land the aircraft in twelve-foot (3.7 m) swells. He was able to maneuver his craft to pick up 56 survivors. Space in the plane was limited, so Marks had men lashed to the wing with parachute cord. His actions rendered the aircraft unflyable. After nightfall, the destroyer escort USS Cecil J. Doyle, the first of seven rescue ships, used its searchlight as a beacon and instilled hope in those still in the water. Cecil J. Doyle and six other ships picked up the remaining survivors. After the rescue, Marks' plane was sunk by Cecil J. Doyle as it could not be recovered. Many of the survivors were injured, and all suffered from lack of food and water (leading to dehydration and hypernatremia; some found rations, such as Spam and crackers, among the debris of the Indianapolis), exposure to the elements (dehydration from the hot sun during the day and hypothermia at night, as well as severe desquamation due to continued exposure to saltwater and bunker oil), and shark attacks, while some killed themselves. Other survivors were found in various states of delirium or suffered from hallucinations. Only 316 of the nearly 900 men set adrift after the sinking survived. Two of the rescued survivors, Robert Lee Shipman and Frederick Harrison, died in August 1945. Hundreds of sharks were drawn to the wreck by the noise of the explosions and the scent of blood in the water. After picking off the dead and wounded, they began attacking survivors. The number of deaths attributed to sharks ranges from a few dozen to 150. USS Indianapolis (CL/CA-35) was a Portland-class heavy cruiser of the United States Navy, named for the city of Indianapolis, Indiana. Launched in 1931, it was the flagship for the commander of Scouting Force 1 for eight years, then flagship for Admiral Raymond Spruance in 1943 and 1944 while he commanded the Fifth Fleet in battles across the Central Pacific during World War II. On August 19, 2017, a search team financed by the Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen located the wreckage in the Philippine Sea lying at a depth of approximately 18,000 ft On December 20, 2018, the crew of the Indianapolis was collectively awarded a Congressional Gold Medal. I-58 was a Japanese B3 type cruiser submarine that served in the final year of World War II. Her only significant wartime success came with a conventional torpedo attack upon USS Indianapolis on 30 July 1945. She was modified to carry Kaiten manned torpedoes, making several attacks that inflicted minor damage in exchange for every Kaiten launched being sunk. The I-58's commander, Mochitsura Hashimoto (1909 - October 25, 2000) then sailed her back to Japan, one of the few Japanese submarines to survive the war. The submarine surrendered in September 1945, and was later scuttled by the United States Navy. Hashimoto was called to testify on behalf of the prosecution at the court-martial of Charles B. McVay III, the commanding officer of Indianapolis, a move which was controversial at the time. He was later part of an effort to exonerate McVay, which was eventually successful. Hashimoto later became a Shinto priest. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/uss-indianapolis-ship-of-doom-naval-disaster-scandal-mp4-download-dv4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Outer Space Mission MP3 MegaSet DVD, Audio Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1971: Lunar Landings: The History Of Rocketry: The History Of Spaceflight: The Aftermath Of World War II: The Cold War: The Space Age: The Space Race: Space Programs Of The United States: Human Spaceflight Programs: The Discovery And Exploration Of The Solar System: Missions To The Moon: Project Apollo: Apollo 15 (AS-15): -- Astronaut Commander David Scott and Lunar Module Pilot James Irwin on the Apollo Extended Lunar Module Falcon land on the Moon with the first Lunar Rover. Apollo 15 was launched July 26, 1971, 13:34:00.6 UTC from Kennedy Space Center with Astronauts David Scott, James Irwin and Alfred Worden aboard. Apollo 15 was the ninth manned mission in the United States' Apollo program, the fourth to land on the Moon, and the eighth successful manned mission. It was the first of what were termed "J missions" (longer three-day stays using an Extended Lunar Module weighing 2,900 pounds heaver than the initial LM model, with three LEVAs and a Lunar Roving Vehicle (Apollo 15, Apollo 16, Apollo 17)), with a greater focus on science than had been possible on previous missions. It was also the first mission on which the Lunar Roving Vehicle, or Lunar Rover, was used. A recording of the launch was included in the Sounds of Earth carried by the Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 space probes. The mission began on July 26, 1971, and ended on August 7. At the time, NASA called it the most successful manned flight ever achieved. Commander David Scott and Lunar Module Pilot James Irwin spent three days on the Moon, including 18 1/2 hours outside the spacecraft on lunar extra-vehicular activity (EVA). The mission landed near Hadley Rille, in an area of the Mare Imbrium called Palus Putredinus (Marsh of Decay). The crew explored the area using the first lunar rover, which allowed them to travel much farther from the Lunar Module (LM) than had been possible on missions without the rover. They collected 77 kilograms (170 lb) of lunar surface material. At the same time, Command Module Pilot Alfred Worden orbited the Moon, using a Scientific Instrument Module (SIM) in the Service Module (SM) to study the lunar surface and environment in great detail with a panoramic camera, a gamma-ray spectrometer, a mapping camera, a laser altimeter, a mass spectrometer, and a lunar subsatellite deployed at the end of Apollo 15's stay in lunar orbit (an Apollo program first). The mission successfully accomplished its objectives, but was marred by negative publicity that accompanied disclosure of the crew carrying unauthorized postage stamps which they had planned to sell after their return. Ironically, this mission was one of very few that had been honored with the issue of a commemorative US stamp, with this first use of a lunar rover happening one decade after the first Mercury astronaut launch. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/outer-space-mission-mp3-dvd-megaset-4-dis34.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The President Vanishes (1934) DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1881: #BOTD: #HBD! Smedley Butler, United States Marine Corps Major General, the highest rank authorized at that time, two-time Medal Of Honor recipient, at the time of his death the most decorated Marine in U.S. history (d. June 21, 1940) is #born Smedley Darlington Butler in West Chester, Pennsylvania it a family of old English immigrant Quaker ancestry. During his 34-year career as a Marine, he participated in military actions in the Philippines, China, in Central America and the Caribbean during the Banana Wars, and France in World War I. Butler is well known for having later supported the Bonus Army (the World War I veterans, their families, and affiliated groups who gathered in Washington, D.C. in the summer of 1932 to demand immediate payment of their service bonuses), become an outspoken critic of U.S. wars and their consequences, for exposing the 1933 Business Plot, an plot to overthrow the U.S. government an install a fascist dictatorship, and his 1935 book "War Is a Racket", where he frankly discusses how business interests commercially benefit and profit from warfare. Smedley Butler died aged 58 of an incurable condition of the upper gastro-intestinal tract that was probably cancer at The Philadelphia Naval Hospital, the first high-rise hospital building constructed by the United States Navy. The funeral was held at his home, attended by friends and family as well as several politicians, members of the Philadelphia police force, and officers of the Marine Corps. He is buried at Oaklands Cemetery in West Goshen Township, Pennsylvania. After his death, his family maintained his home as it was when he died, including a large quantity of memorabilia he collected throughout his storied career, until 2014. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-president-vanishes-dvd-1934-edward-arnold-arthur-b1934.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Nixon White House Tapes Watergate Scandal MP3 CDROM Download USB Drive
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1974: Scandals: Political Scandals: Political Scandals Of The United States: Richard Nixon: The Presidency Of Richard Nixon: The Watergate Scandal: The Nixon White House Tapes: -- U.S. President Richard Nixon releases subpoenaed White House recordings after being ordered to do so by the Supreme Court Of The United States. On July 24, 1974, the United States Supreme Court unanimously ruled in the landmark United States v. Nixon case that President Richard Nixon did not have the authority to withhold subpoenaed White House tapes and other subpoenaed materials and they order him to surrender the tapes and other subpoenaed materials to a federal district to the Watergate special prosecutor Archibald Cox who had issued the subpoenas. United States v. Nixon, 418 U.S. 683 (1974), was important to the late stages of the Watergate scandal, when there was an ongoing impeachment process against Richard Nixon. United States v. Nixon is considered a crucial precedent limiting the power of any U.S. president to claim executive privilege. Chief Justice Warren E. Burger wrote the opinion for a unanimous court, joined by Justices William O. Douglas, William J. Brennan, Potter Stewart, Byron White, Thurgood Marshall, Harry Blackmun and Lewis F. Powell. Burger, Blackmun and Powell were appointed to the Court by Nixon during his first term. Associate Justice William Rehnquist recused himself as he had previously served in the Nixon administration as an Assistant Attorney General. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/nixon-watergate-tapes-mp3-cd-with-pdf-transcript3.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Jimmy Hoffa Teamsters Leader Biography DVD, MP4 Download, USB Stick
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1975: Crime: Organized Crime: The American Mafia (The Italian-American Mafia, The Mafia, The Mob): The Genovese Crime Family (The Westside): The Genovese Crime Family's New Jersey Faction: Gangsters: American Gangsters: Anthony Provenzano (Tony Pro): The International Brotherhood Of Teamsters: The Influence Of Organized Crime Over The Teamsters: Contract Killings (Murder For Hire, Hit Jobs, Whackings): Jimmy Hoffa (James Riddle Hoffa): The Disappearance Of Jimmy Hoffa: -- Former Teamsters Union leader James Hoffa was last seen outside the Machus Red Fox restaurant in Bloomfield Hills near Detroit, Michigan. His 13-year federal prison sentence had been commuted by President Richard M. Nixon in 1971. On December 8, 1982, seven years after his disappearance, an Oakland County judge declared Hoffa officially dead. Hoffa's plans to regain the leadership of the union were met with opposition from several members of the Mafia. One of them was Anthony Provenzano, who had been a Teamsters local leader in New Jersey and a national vice-president of the union during Hoffa's second term as its president. Provenzano had once been a friend of Hoffa's but became an enemy after a reported feud when both were in federal prison at Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, in the 1960s. In 1973 and 1974, Hoffa asked him for his support to regain his former position, but Provenzano refused and threatened Hoffa by reportedly saying he would kidnap and eviscerate his grandchildren. Provenzano was a caporegime in the New York City Genovese crime family. At least two of Provenzano's union opponents had been murdered, and others who had spoken out against him had been assaulted. Other Mafia figures who became involved were Anthony Giacalone, an alleged kingpin in the Detroit Mafia, and his younger brother, Vito. The FBI believes that they were positioning themselves as "mediators" between Hoffa and Provenzano. The brothers had made three visits to Hoffa's home at Lake Orion and one to the Guardian Building law offices. Their avowed purpose in meeting Hoffa was to set up a "peace meeting" between Provenzano and Hoffa. Hoffa's son, James, said, "Dad was pushing so hard to get back in office, I was increasingly afraid that the mob would do something about it." James was convinced that the "peace meeting" was a pretext to Giacalone's "setting Dad up" for a hit since Hoffa had been increasingly uneasy each time the Giacalone brothers arrived. Hoffa disappeared on July 30, 1975, after he had gone out to the meeting with Provenzano and Giacalone. The meeting was due to take place at 2:00 p.m. at the Machus Red Fox restaurant in Bloomfield Township, a Detroit suburb. The place was known to Hoffa, as it had been the site of the wedding reception of his son James. Hoffa wrote Giacalone's initials and the time and location of the meeting in his office calendar: "TG-2 p.m.-Red Fox." Hoffa left his home at 1:15 p.m. Before heading to the restaurant, he stopped at the office of his close friend Louis Linteau, a former president of Teamsters Local 614 who now ran a limousine service. Linteau and Hoffa had been enemies early in their careers but eventually became friends. When Hoffa left prison, Linteau had also become Hoffa's unofficial appointment secretary and arranged a dinner meeting between Hoffa and the Giacalone brothers on July 26 in which they had informed him of the July 30 meeting. Linteau was out to lunch when Hoffa stopped by and so Hoffa talked to some of the staff present and left a message for Linteau before he left for the Machus Red Fox. Between 2:15 and 2:30 p.m., an annoyed Hoffa called his wife from a payphone on a post in front of Damman Hardware, directly behind the Machus Red Fox, and complained that Giacalone had not shown up and that he had been stood up. His wife told him she had not heard from anyone. He told her he would be home at 4:00 p.m., to grill steaks for dinner. Several witnesses saw Hoffa standing by his car and pacing the restaurant's parking lot. Two men saw Hoffa, recognized him, and stopped to chat with him briefly and to shake his hand. Hoffa also made a call to Linteau in which he again complained that the men were late. Linteau gave the time as 3:30 p.m., but the FBI suspected that it was earlier, based on the timing of other phone calls from Linteau's office from around that time. The FBI estimates that Hoffa left the location without a struggle around 2:45-2:50 p.m. One witness reported seeing Hoffa in the back of a maroon "Lincoln or Mercury" car with three other people. At 7 a.m. the next day, Hoffa's wife called her son and daughter to say that their father had not come home. At 7:20 a.m., Linteau went to the Machus Red Fox and found Hoffa's unlocked car in the parking lot, but there was no sign of Hoffa, nor any indication of what had happened to him. Linteau called the police, who later arrived at the scene. The Michigan State Police were brought in, and the FBI was alerted. At 6 p.m., Hoffa's son, James, filed a missing person report. The Hoffa family offered a 200K USD reward for any information about the disappearance. The primary piece of physical evidence obtained in the investigation was a maroon 1975 Mercury Marquis Brougham, which belonged to Anthony Giacalone's son, Joseph. The car had been borrowed earlier that day by Charles "Chuckie" O'Brien to deliver fish. O'Brien was Hoffa's foster son, although relations between them had soured in the years preceding Hoffa's disappearance. Investigators and Hoffa's family suspected that O'Brien had a role in Hoffa's disappearance. On August 21, police dogs identified Hoffa's scent in the car. Giacalone and Provenzano, who denied having scheduled a meeting with Hoffa, were found not to have been near the restaurant that afternoon. According to Time, Provenzano was seen fraternizing with local union members in Hoboken, although Provenzano told investigators that he was playing cards with Stephen Andretta, Thomas Andretta's brother, in Union City, New Jersey, the day that Hoffa disappeared. Despite extensive surveillance and bugging, investigators found that the Mafia members who they thought were involved were generally unwilling to talk about Hoffa's disappearance, even in private. On December 4, 1975, a federal investigator in Detroit testified in court before presiding Judge James Paul Churchill that a witness had identified three New Jersey men as having participated "in the abduction and murder of James R. Hoffa." The three men were close associates of Provenzano: Thomas Andretta, Salvatore Briguglio, and his brother Gabriel Briguglio. In October 1975, Michigan Attorney General Frank J. Kelley went to Waterford Township to supervise an unsuccessful expedition to locate and exhume Hoffa's remains. The search was triggered by "a tip from an unnamed informer who said a group of Mafiosi wanted Hoffa's body found." After years of investigation involving numerous law enforcement agencies, including the FBI, officials have not reached a definitive conclusion as to Hoffa's fate or who was involved. Hoffa's wife, Josephine, died on September 12, 1980, and is interred at White Chapel Memorial Cemetery in Troy, Michigan. On December 9, 1982, Hoffa was declared legally dead as of July 30, 1982, by Oakland County, Michigan Probate Judge Norman R. Barnard. In 1989, Kenneth Walton, the agent in charge of the FBI's Detroit office, told The Detroit News that he knew what had happened to Hoffa. "I'm comfortable I know who did it, but it's never going to be prosecuted because we would have to divulge informants, confidential sources." In 2001, the FBI matched DNA from Hoffa's hair, taken from a brush, with a strand of hair found in Joseph Giacalone's car, but it is possible that Hoffa had traveled in the car on a different day. On June 16, 2006, the Detroit Free Press published the entire "Hoffex Memo," a 56-page report prepared by the FBI for a January 1976 briefing on the case at the FBI headquarters in Washington. Although not claiming conclusively to establish the specifics of his disappearance, the memo records a belief that Hoffa was murdered at the behest of organized crime figures, who regarded his efforts to regain power in the Teamsters as a threat to their control of the union's pension fund. In the Hoffex Memo it was concluded, based on the evidence, that Chuckie O'Brien (who was described by FBI investigators as a "habitual liar") was driving Joseph Giacalone's maroon 1975 Mercury, licensed TMS-416, on the day of the disappearance and that Hoffa was seated in the right rear seat of the car. His body scent was located by police dogs, and a piece of his hair was recovered from the back seat. A pump action 12-gauge shotgun was seized from the trunk of the car, and numerous .22 and .38 caliber bullets were found in the glove compartment. As of 2021, digs are still periodically conducted in the Detroit area in search of Hoffa's body, but a common theory among experts is that the body was cremated. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/jimmy-hoffa-teamsters-union-leader-biography-dvd-mp4-usb-stic4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Divided Union: American Civil War TV Series MP4 Download DVD Set
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1864: The American Civil War (The Civil War, The War Between The States): The Eastern Theater Of The American Civil War: The Siege Of Petersburg (The Richmond-Petersburg Campaign): The Battle Of The Crater: -- The Union Army Of The Potomac, commanded by Major General George G. Meade (under the direct supervision of General-In-Chief Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant) attempt on a Saturday to break the lines of The Confederate Army Of Northern Virginia, commanded by General Robert E. Lee, Virginia by exploding a large bomb under their trenches. After weeks of preparation, Union forces exploded the mine across from Union Major General Ambrose E. Burnside's IX Corps sector, blowing a gap in the Confederate defenses. However, instead of being a decisive advantage to the Union, this precipitated a rapid deterioration in the Union position. Unit after unit charged into and around the crater, where most of the soldiers milled in confusion in the bottom of the crater. Grant considered this failed assault as "the saddest affair I have witnessed in this war." The Confederates quickly recovered, and launched several counterattacks led by Brigadier General William Mahone. The breach was sealed off, and the Union forces were repulsed with severe casualties, while Brigadier General Edward Ferrero's division of black soldiers was badly mauled. It may have been Grant's best chance to end the siege of Petersburg; instead, the soldiers settled in for another eight months of trench warfare. Burnside was relieved of command for his role in the fiasco, and he was never returned to command. Ferrero and General James H. Ledlie were observed behind the lines in a bunker, drinking liquor throughout the battle. Ledlie was criticized by a court of inquiry into his conduct that September, and in December he was effectively dismissed from the Army by Meade on orders from Grant, formally resigning his commission on January 23, 1865. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-divided-union-american-civil-war-tv-series-3-dual-layer-dvd3.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Pickett's Charge: The Turning Point Of The Civil War MP4 Download DVD
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1875: #DOTD: George Pickett, American general, best remembered for leading Pickett's Charge, the futile and bloody Confederate offensive on the third day of the Battle Of Gettysburg that bears the name "Pickett's Charge" (b. January 16, 1825) #dies in Norfolk, Virginia of a liver abscess, although whether it was alcohol-related, amoebic or bacterial is not clear. He was initially interred in Cedar Grove Cemetery in Norfolk. His remains were disinterred on October 23, and he was buried in Hollywood Cemetery in Richmond, Virginia, on October 24, 1875. More than 40,000 people lined the funeral route, while another 5,000 marched in the funeral procession. A memorial to Pickett was erected over his grave site and dedicated on October 5, 1888. The memorial was not, however, placed directly above Pickett's burial site, and the exact location of his remains is not clear. His wife LaSalle Corbell Pickett died on March 22, 1931, having outlived her husband by more than 55 years. Initially, Hollywood Cemetery declined to allow her to be buried next to her husband. Pickett's grandson, Lieutenant George E. Pickett III, threatened to have his grandfather disinterred and moved to Arlington National Cemetery, where both grandparents could be buried side by side. Hollywood Cemetery quickly agreed to permit LaSalle's interment at Hollywood, but this did not immediately occur for reasons which are not clear, and LaSalle was cremated and buried at Abbey Mausoleum in Arlington County, Virginia. Originally a mausoleum for the wealthy, it went bankrupt in 1968. The structure fell into disrepair, and it was vandalized many times and several graves desecrated. In early 1998, the Military Order of the Stars and Bars and United Daughters of the Confederacy worked together to pay for LaSalle's disinterment and reburial in front of the George E. Pickett Memorial in Hollywood Cemetery. LaSalle Pickett was buried on Saturday, March 21, 1998. She was the first woman interred in the Confederate military burial section. George Pickett was born George Edward Picket in his grandfather's shop in Richmond, Virginia, and raised on his family's Turkey Island Plantation, located in the James River about 20 miles (32 km) southeast of present-day Richmond. Pickett graduated last out of 59 cadets in the United States Military Academy class of 1846. He served as a second lieutenant in the United States Army during the Mexican-American War, and there was noted for his service in the Battle Of Chapultepec, a battle against Mexican forces holding Chapultepec Castle in Mexico City, in September 1847. After this, he served in the Washington Territory, and eventually reached the rank of captain. Pickett participated in the bloodless Pig War (a confrontation in 1859 between the United States and United Kingdom over the British-U.S. border in the San Juan Islands, between Vancouver Island and the mainland) of 1859. Near the beginning of the American Civil War, he enlisted in the Confederate States Army, and he attained the rank of brigadier general in January 1862. He commanded a brigade that saw heavy action during the Peninsula Campaign of 1862. Pickett was wounded at the Battle of Gaines's Mill on June 27. He did not return to command until September, following the Battle Of Antietam, when he was given command of a division in the Right Wing of The Army Of Northern Virginia, commanded by Major General James Longstreet, which became the I Corps that December. His division was lightly engaged at the Battle of Fredericksburg, and, along with most of Longstreet's Corps, missed the Battle of Chancellorsville while participating in the Suffolk Campaign in 1863. During the Gettysburg Campaign, his division was, much to Pickett's frustration, the last to arrive on the field. However, it was one of three divisions under the command of General Longstreet to participate in a disastrous assault on Union positions on July 3, the final day of the battle. The attack has been given the name "Pickett's Charge". In February 1864, Pickett commanded the Confederate forces at the Battle of New Bern, and ordered the execution of 22 Confederate deserters found to be fighting amongst the U.S. troops. On April 1, 1865, he was defeated while in overall command of Confederate troops at the Battle of Five Forks. Following the war, Pickett feared prosecution for his execution of deserters and temporarily fled to Canada. He returned to Virginia in 1866, where he died at age 50 in 1875. Legend says that after the war he remained bitter and dwelt extensively upon the loss of his men at Gettysburg. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/picketts-charge-the-turning-point-of-the-civil-war-mp4-download-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Sold Down The River: Black Freedom Lost After Civil War DVD, MP4, USB
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1866: White Supremacy: Terrorism: Anti-Black Racism: Anti-Black Racism In The United States: Race Riots: Race Riots In The United States: The Reconstruction Era (Reconstruction): The New Orleans Massacre Of 1866: -- A peaceful demonstration of mostly Black Freedmen is set upon by a mob of white rioters, many of whom had been soldiers of the recently defeated Confederate States of America, leading to a full-scale massacre; it also, unintentionally, catalyzed support throughout the north and the nation for the Fourteenth Amendment, suffrage and full citizenship to freedmen, the Reconstruction Act, the establishment of military districts to supervise the South, and forcible change to the South's social order. The violence erupted outside the Mechanics Institute, site of a reconvened Louisiana Constitutional Convention. The Republican Party of Louisiana had called for the Convention, as they were angered by the legislature's enactment of the Black Codes and refusal to extend voting rights to Black men. White Democrats considered the reconvened convention to be illegal and were hostile towards Republican attempts to gain increased political power in the state. The massacre "stemmed from deeply rooted political, social, and economic causes," and took place in part because of the battle "between two opposing factions for power and office." According to the official report, a total of 38 were killed and 146 wounded, of whom 34 dead and 119 wounded were Black Freedmen. Unofficial estimates were higher. In Gilles Vandal's 1984 book "The New Orleans Riot Of 1866" he estimates 40 to 50 Black Americans were killed and more than 150 Black Americans wounded. Others have claimed nearly 200 were killed. In addition, three white convention attendees were killed, as was one white protester. During much of the American Civil War, New Orleans had been occupied and under martial law imposed by the Union. On May 12, 1866, Mayor John T. Monroe, a Democrat who had ardently supported the Confederacy, was reinstated as acting mayor, the position he held before the war. Judge R. K. Howell was elected as chairman of the convention, with the goal of increasing participation by voters likely to vote for removal of the Black Codes. The massacre expressed conflicts deeply rooted in the social structure of Louisiana. The New Orleans Massacre Of 1866 was a continuation of a longer shooting war over slavery (beginning with Bleeding Kansas in 1859), of which the 1861-1865 hostilities were merely the largest part. More than half of the whites were Confederate veterans and nearly half of the Black Americans were veterans of the Union army. The national reaction of outrage at this massacre and the earlier three-day Memphis Riots Of 1866 that began on May 1, 1866 helped the Radical Republicans win a majority in both houses of Congress in the 1866 midterm elections. The riots catalyzed support for the Fourteenth Amendment, extending suffrage and full citizenship to freedmen, and the Reconstruction Act, to establish military districts for the national government to oversee areas of the South and work to change their social arrangements. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/sold-down-the-river-black-liberty39s-loss-after-civil-war-dvd-mp4-394.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: King: A Filmed Record: Montgomery To Memphis DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1924: #BOTD: #HBD! C. T. Vivian, African American civil rights icon, Baptist minister, author, disciplined advocate of nonviolence in the battle for racial justice and voting rights, close friend and lieutenant of Martin Luther King Jr. during the civil rights movement, whom King called "the greatest preacher to ever live" (d. July 17, 2020) is #born Cordy Tindell Vivian in Boonville, Missouri. C. T. Vivian was the first Black, non-elected man to lie in state at the Georgia State Capitol. He was buried at Westview Cemetery in Atlanta. Vivian resided in Atlanta, Georgia, and founded the C. T. Vivian Leadership Institute, Inc. He was a member of the Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity, the first intercollegiate historically African American fraternity. C. T. Vivian died of natural causes in Atlanta on July 17, 2020, two weeks before his 96th birthday, and on the same day and same city that his friend and fellow activist, John Lewis, died. He is buried at Westview Cemetery in Atlanta, Georgia; John Lewis is buried at South View Cemetery, also in Atlanta. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/king-a-filmed-record--montgomery-to-memphis-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Eyes On The Prize II: America At The Racial Crossroads DVD MP4 USB
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1967: Civil Rights Movements: The American Civil Rights Movement (1954-1968): The Ghetto Riots (The Ghetto Rebellions, The Race Riots, The Negro Riots) (1964-1969): The Long, Hot Summer of 1967: The 1967 Milwaukee Riot: -- On a Sunday evening, African American residents, outraged by the slow pace in ending housing discrimination and police brutality, began to riot in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, sparked by brawls with police, a racist threat, gunfire and a fight between teenagers, and escalating into full-fledged rioting with fires and looting on Milwaukee's north side with the arrival of police. Within minutes, arson, looting, and sniping were ravaging the North Side of the city, primarily the 3rd Street Corridor. The city put a round-the-clock curfew into effect on July 31. The governor mobilized the National Guard to quell the disturbance that same day, and order was restored on August 3. When it was over, four people were dead, 100 hurt and 1,740 people arrested. Although the damage caused by the riot was not as destructive as in such cities as Detroit and Newark, many businesses in the affected neighborhoods were severely damaged. Tensions increased afterward between police and residents. The July disturbance also served as a catalyst to additional unrest in the city; equal housing marches held in August often turned violent as white residents clashed with black demonstrators. The 1967 Milwaukee Riot was one of 159 race riots that swept cities in the United States during the "Long, Hot Summer Of 1967". As a result of the rioting in the Summer of 1967, and the preceding two years, President Johnson established the Kerner Commission to investigate the rioting and to provide recommendations for the future. In his remarks upon signing the order establishing the Commission, Johnson asked for answers to three basic questions about the riots: "What happened? Why did it happen? What can be done to prevent it from happening again and again?" Officially known as The National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders, it was popularly known as the Kerner Commission after its chair, Governor Otto Kerner, Jr. of Illinois. It was an 11-member Presidential Commission, a special task force ordained by the President to complete a specific, special investigation or research. The Commission's final report, the Report of the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders, or Kerner Report, was released on February 29, 1968, after seven months of investigation. The report became an instant bestseller, and over two million Americans bought copies of the 426-page document. Its finding was that the riots resulted from black frustration at the lack of economic opportunity. Martin Luther King Jr. pronounced the report a "physician's warning of approaching death, with a prescription for life." The report berated federal and state governments for failed housing, education and social-service policies. The report also aimed some of its sharpest criticism at the mainstream media. "The press has too long basked in a white world looking out of it, if at all, with white men's eyes and white perspective." The report's most famous passage warned, "Our nation is moving toward two societies, one black, one white-separate and unequal." Its results suggested that one main cause of urban violence was white racism and suggested that white America bore much of the responsibility for black rioting and rebellion. It called to create new jobs, construct new housing, and put a stop to de facto segregation in order to wipe out the destructive ghetto environment. In order to do so, the report recommended for government programs to provide needed services, to hire more diverse and sensitive police forces and, most notably, to invest billions in housing programs aimed at breaking up residential segregation. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/eyes-on-the-prize-ii-dvd-set-4-discs-complete-2nd-seri42.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Legacy With Michael Wood World History TV Series DVD, MP4, USB Stick
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 762: Religion: The History Of Religion: Abrahamic Religions: Islam: The History Of Islam: Islamic Civilization (The Islamic World, The Muslim World): The Islamic Golden Age (8th-13th Century CE): Caliphates (Khilafahs): The Abbasid Caliphate (The Abbasid Empire): Baghdad: The Founding Of Baghdad: -- After conquering the first Muslim dynasty, the Umayyad Caliphate, Caliph Al-Mansur founds the capital city of Baghdad along the Tigris River, just north of where the ancient city of Babylon once stood, from which he could found and rule the second Muslim Dynasty, the Abbasid Caliphate, a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (566-653 CE) whose flag is a simple black banner known as The Black Banner, Black Standard or Banner Of The Eagle, one of the flags flown by the Islamic prophet Muhammad according to Muslim tradition. Within a short time of Baghdad's inception, it evolved into a significant cultural, commercial, and intellectual center of the Muslim world. This, in addition to housing several key academic institutions, including the House of Wisdom, as well as hosting a multiethnic and multireligious environment, garnered the city a worldwide reputation as the "Centre of Learning". In its early years, the city was known as a deliberate reminder of an expression in the Qur'an, when it refers to Paradise. It took four years to build (764-768). Mansur assembled engineers, surveyors, and art constructionists from around the world to come together and draw up plans for the city. Over 100,000 construction workers came to survey the plans; many were distributed salaries to start the building of the city. July was chosen as the starting time because two astrologers, Naubakht Ahvazi and Mashallah, believed that the city should be built under the sign of the lion, Leo. Leo is associated with fire and symbolises productivity, pride, and expansion. The city's growth was helped by its excellent location, based on at least two factors: it had control over strategic and trading routes along the Tigris, and it had an abundance of water in a dry climate. Water exists on both the north and south ends of the city, allowing all households to have a plentiful supply, which was very uncommon during this time. Baghdad was the largest city in the world for much of the Abbasid era during the Islamic Golden Age, peaking at a population of more than a million. The city was largely destroyed at the hands of the Mongol Empire in 1258, resulting in a decline that would linger through many centuries due to frequent plagues and multiple successive empires. With the recognition of Iraq as an independent state (formerly the British Mandate of Mesopotamia) in 1932, Baghdad gradually regained some of its former prominence as a significant center of Arabic culture, with a population variously estimated at 6 or over 7 million. In contemporary times, the city has often faced severe infrastructural damage, most recently due to the United States-led 2003 invasion of Iraq, and the subsequent Iraq War that lasted until December 2011. In recent years, the city has been frequently subjected to insurgent attacks, resulting in a substantial loss of cultural heritage and historical artifacts as well. As of 2018, Baghdad was listed as one of the least hospitable places in the world to live, ranked by Mercer as the worst major city for quality of life in the world. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/legacy-with-michael-wood-world-history-tv-series-dvd-mp4-us4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Struggles For Poland TV Series + Bonus MP4 Video Download DVD Set
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1981: Eastern Block Non-Violent Revolutions: The Labor Union Movement In Poland: Solidarity (Polish Trade Union) (Independent Self-Governing Trade Union Solidarity, Solidarnosc): The Polish Crisis Of 1980-1981: The 1981 Polish Hunger Demonstrations: -- As many as 50,000 demonstrators, mostly local women and their children, took to the streets in Lodz to protest food ration shortages in Communist Poland. In mid-1981, amid widespread economic crisis and food shortages, thousands of Poles, mainly women and their children, took part in several hunger demonstrations, organized in cities and towns across the country. The protests were peaceful, without rioting, and the biggest one took place on July 30, 1981 in Lodz. The situation in Poland was serious enough that it prompted Adam Michnik, editor of the Solidarity trade union's Gazeta Wyborcza (Electoral Newspaper) to write, "Poland faces hunger uprisings"; he was jailed by the end of the year when martial law was declared in Poland. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-struggles-for-poland-dvd-set-all-9-shows-5-dis95.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: War Jets: The Northrop F-5 Freedom Fighter Tiger II T-38 DVD, MP4, USB
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1959: Aviation: The History Of Aviation: The History Of Military Aviation: Maiden Flights: -- First flight of the first production version of the Northrop F-5, the Northrop F-5A. The Northrop F-5A and F-5B Freedom Fighter, F-5C Skoshi Tiger, F-5E and F-5F Tiger II, and T-38 Trainer Supersonic Light Fighter, is a family of supersonic light fighter aircraft initially designed as a privately funded project in the late 1950s by Northrop Corporation. There are two main models, the original F-5A and F-5B Freedom Fighter variants and the extensively updated F-5E and F-5F Tiger II variants. The design team wrapped a small, highly aerodynamic fighter around two compact and high-thrust General Electric J85 engines, focusing on performance and a low cost of maintenance. Smaller and simpler than contemporaries such as the McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II, the F-5 cost less to procure and operate, making it a popular export aircraft. Though primarily designed for a day air superiority role, the aircraft is also a capable ground-attack platform. The F-5A entered service in the early 1960s. During the Cold War, over 800 were produced through 1972 for U.S. allies. Though at the time the United States Air Force (USAF) did not have a need for a light fighter, it did procure approximately 1,200 Northrop T-38 Talon trainer aircraft, which was based on Northrop's N-156 fighter design. After winning the International Fighter Aircraft Competition, a program aimed at providing effective low-cost fighters to American allies, in 1970 Northrop introduced the second-generation F-5E Tiger II in 1972. This upgrade included more powerful engines, larger fuel capacity, greater wing area and improved leading edge extensions for better turn rates, optional air-to-air refueling, and improved avionics including air-to-air radar. Primarily used by American allies, it remains in US service to support training exercises. It has served in a wide array of roles, being able to perform both air and ground attack duties; the type was used extensively in the Vietnam War. A total of 1,400 Tiger IIs were built before production ended in 1987. More than 3,800 F-5s and the closely related T-38 advanced trainer aircraft were produced in Hawthorne, California. The F-5N/F variants are in service with the United States Navy and United States Marine Corps as adversary trainers. Over 400 aircraft were in service as of 2021. The F-5 was also developed into a dedicated reconnaissance aircraft, the RF-5 Tigereye. The F-5 also served as a starting point for a series of design studies which resulted in the Northrop YF-17 and the F/A-18 naval fighter aircraft. The Northrop F-20 Tigershark was an advanced variant to succeed the F-5E which was ultimately canceled when export customers did not emerge. https://store.earthstation1.com/war-jets-the-northrop-f5-freedom-fightertiger-series-t38-538.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: War Jets: The North American F-86 Sabre Jet DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1971: Aviation: The History Of Aviation: The History Of Civil Aviation: The History Of Military Aviation: Aviation Incidents And Accidents: The All Nippon Airways (ANA) Flight 58: -- A Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF) F-86F Sabre jet fighter collides at 02:04 local time over Morioka, Iwate, Japan with an All Nippon Airways (ANA) Flight 58's Boeing 727 while the latter was on a domestic flight from Chitose Airport to Haneda Airport, causing both aircraft to crash. All 162 people aboard the airliner were killed, while the Sabre pilot, a trainee with the JASDF, freed himself from his airplane after the collision and parachuted to safety. This incident led to the resignation of both the head of Japan's Defense Agency and the JASDF chief of staff. The JASDF Mitsubishi F-86F Sabre, a Japanese-built version of North American Aviation's fighter jet, belonged to the 1st Air Wing at Matsushima Airbase. The ANA airliner was only three months old at the time of the accident. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/war-jets-the-north-american-f86-sabre-jet-d86.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Civil Jets: The Boeing 747 Jumbo Jet Documentary DVD, Download, USB
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1971: Aviation: The History Of Aviation: The History Of Civil Aviation: The History Of Military Aviation: Aviation Incidents And Accidents: The All Nippon Airways (ANA) Flight 58: -- A Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF) F-86F Sabre jet fighter collides at 02:04 local time over Morioka, Iwate, Japan with an All Nippon Airways (ANA) Flight 58's Boeing 727 while the latter was on a domestic flight from Chitose Airport to Haneda Airport, causing both aircraft to crash. All 162 people aboard the airliner were killed, while the Sabre pilot, a trainee with the JASDF, freed himself from his airplane after the collision and parachuted to safety. This incident led to the resignation of both the head of Japan's Defense Agency and the JASDF chief of staff. The JASDF Mitsubishi F-86F Sabre, a Japanese-built version of North American Aviation's fighter jet, belonged to the 1st Air Wing at Matsushima Airbase. The ANA airliner was only three months old at the time of the accident. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/civil-jets-the-boeing-747-jumbo-jet-747.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Jerry Lee Lewis: I Am What I Am DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1941: #BOTD: #HBD! Paul Anka, Canadian American singer, songwriter and actor, is #born Paul Albert Anka in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada into a family of Lebanese dscent; his mother Camelia (nee Tannis) Anka was an immigrant from Lebanon who died when he was 18, and Andrew Emile "Andy" Anka Sr., who came to Canada from Bab Tuma, Damascus, Syria, and owned a restaurant called The Locanda (Italian: "The Inn"). Paul Anka recorded his first single, "I Confess", when he was 14. In 1956, with 100 USD given to him by his uncle, he went to New York City where he auditioned for Don Costa at ABC Records, singing what was widely believed to be a lovestruck verse he had written to a former babysitter. In an interview with NPR's Terry Gross in 2005, he stated that it was to a girl at his church whom he hardly knew. The resulting song "Diana" brought Anka stardom as it went to No. 1 on the Canadian and US music charts. "Diana" is one of the best selling singles ever by a Canadian recording artist. His fame grew with hit songs like "Diana", "Lonely Boy" and "Put Your Head on My Shoulder". He toured Britain, then Australia with Buddy Hollu, for whom he wrote "It Doesn't Matter Anymore", which Holly recorded just before he died in 1959. Anka stated shortly afterward:"'It Doesn't Matter Anymore' has a tragic irony about it now, but at least it will help look after Buddy Holly's family. I'm giving my composer's royalty to his widow - it's the least I can do." He also had a hit with "(You're) Having My Baby" in 1974, and wrote such well-known music as the theme for The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson, one of Tom Jones's biggest hits, "She's A Lady", and the English lyrics to Claude Francois and Jacques Revaux's music for Frank Sinatra's signature song, "My Way", which has been recorded by many, including Elvis Presley. In 1983, he co-wrote the song "I Never Heard" with Michael Jackson. It was retitled and released in 2009, under the title "This Is It". An additional song that Jackson co-wrote with Anka from the 1983 session, "Love Never Felt So Good", was released in 2014 on Jackson's posthumous album Xscape. The song was also released by Johnny Mathis in 1984. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/jerry-lee-lewis-i-am-what-i-am-19871987.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Best Of Sunday Night Jools Holland & David Sanborn DVD, MP4, USB
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1945: #BOTD: #HBD! David Sanborn, American alto saxophonist and composer, one of the most commercially successful and influential pop, R & B, and crossover saxophone players to earn prominence since the 1980s (d. May 12, 2024) is #born David William Sanborn in Tampa, Florida. Though Sanborn has worked in many genres, his solo recordings typically blend jazz with instrumental pop and R & B. He released his first solo album Taking Off in 1975, but has been playing the saxophone since before he was in high school. One of the most commercially successful American saxophonists, Sanborn is often identified with radio-friendly smooth jazz, but he has expressed a disinclination for the genre and his association with it. He has been a highly regarded session player since the late 1960s, playing with an array of well-known artists, such as James Brown, Bryan Ferry, Michael Stanley, Eric Clapton, Bobby Charles, Cat Stevens, Roger Daltrey, Stevie Wonder, Paul Simon, Jaco Pastorius, the Brecker Brothers, Michael Franks, Kenny Loggins, Casiopea, Players Association, David Bowie, Todd Rundgren, Bruce Springsteen, Little Feat, Tommy Bolin, Bob James, James Taylor, Al Jarreau, Pure Prairie League, Kenny G, Loudon Wainwright III, George Benson, Joe Beck, Donny Hathaway, Elton John, Gil Evans, Carly Simon, Guru, Linda Ronstadt, Billy Joel, Kenny Garrett, Roger Waters, Steely Dan, Ween, the Eagles, The Grateful Dead, Nena, Hikaru Utada, The Rolling Stones, Ian Hunter, and Toto. Many of his solo recordings were collaborations with the bassist/multi-instrumentalist/composer and producer Marcus Miller, whom he met in the Saturday Night Live band in the late 1970s. Sanborn performed with Eric Clapton on film soundtracks such as Lethal Weapon (and its sequels) and Scrooged. David Sanborn died of complications from prostate cancer in Tarrytown, New York at the age of 78. He had been diagnosed with the disease in 2018. His remains were cremated, and his ashes given to his widow Alice Soyer Sanborn. On November 25, 2024, a David Sanborn Tribute Concert was held at Sony Hall in New York City. The concert was live-streamed by WBGO and hosted by Marcus Miller and Pat Prescott, and featured performances by Eric Marienthal, Bob James, Paul Shaffer, Will Lee, Kurt Elling, Randy Brecker, Alex Han and Dave Koz. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-best-of-sunday-night-w-jools-holland-amp-david-sanborn-dvd-mp4-us4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: 25x5: The Continuing Adventures Of The Rolling Stones DVD, MP4, USB
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 2006: Aesthetics: Performing Arts: Finales: British Television Finales: -- Top Of The Pops (TOTP), the world's longest running music television show at 42 years, is broadcast for the last time on BBC Two. Top Of The Pops is a British music chart television programme, made by the BBC and broadcast weekly between January 1, 1964 and July 30, 2006. The programme was the world's longest-running weekly music show. For most of its history, it was broadcast on Thursday evenings on BBC One. Each show consisted of performances of some of the week's best-selling popular music records, usually excluding any tracks moving down the chart, including a rundown of that week's singles chart. This was originally the Top 20, though this varied throughout the show's history. The Top 30 was used from 1969, and the Top 40 from 1984. Dusty Springfield's "I Only Want to Be with You" was the first song featured on TOTP, while the Rolling Stones were the first band to perform, with "I Wanna Be Your Man". Snow Patrol were the last act to play live on the weekly show when they performed their single "Chasing Cars". Status Quo made more appearances than any other artist, with a total of 87 (the first was with "Pictures of Matchstick Men" in 1968 and last with "The Party Ain't Over Yet" in 2005). Special editions were broadcast on Christmas Day (and usually, until 1984, a second edition a few days after Christmas), featuring some of the best-selling singles of the year and the Christmas number one. Although the weekly show was cancelled in 2006, the Christmas special continued annually. End-of-year round-up editions have also been broadcast on BBC1 on or around New Year's Eve, albeit largely featuring the same acts and tracks as the Christmas Day shows. In a change of format, the festive specials did not return in 2022 and were replaced by an end-of-year review show on BBC Two. It also survives as Top of the Pops 2, which began in 1994 and features vintage performances from the Top of the Pops archives. Though TOTP2 ceased producing new episodes since 2017, repeats of older episodes are still shown. The Official Charts Company states that "performing on the show was considered an honour, and it pulled in just about every major player". The show has seen seminal performances over its history. The March 1971 appearance of T. Rex frontman Marc Bolan wearing glitter and satins as he performed "Hot Love" is often seen as the inception of glam rock, and David Bowie's performance of "Starman" inspired future musicians. In the 1990s, the show's format was sold to several foreign broadcasters in the form of a franchise package, and at one point various versions of the show were shown in more than 120 countries. Editions of the programme from 1976 onwards started being repeated on BBC Four in 2011 and are aired on most Friday evenings - as of July 2023 the repeat run has reached 1995. Episodes featuring disgraced presenters and artists such as Jimmy Savile, Dave Lee Travis, Jonathan King, Ian Watkins, R Kelly, Rolf Harris, and Gary Glitter are no longer repeated. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/25x5-the-continuing-adventures-of-the-rolling-stones-dvd-mp42554.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Jack Benny Presents Golden Memories Of Radio LPs CD, MP3 Download, USB
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1890: #BOTD: #HBD! Casey Stengel, nicknamed "The Ol' Perfessor", American Major League Baseball right fielder and manager, best known as the manager of the championship New York Yankees of the 1950s, the expansion New York Mets, whose mish-mash turn of phrase of the English language became known as "Stengelese", one of the great characters in baseball history (d. September 29, 1975) is #born Charles Dillon Stengel in Kansas City, Missouri. In 1910, he began a professional baseball career that would span over half a century. After almost three seasons in the minor leagues, Stengel reached the major leagues late in 1912, as an outfielder, for the Brooklyn Dodgers. His six seasons there saw some success, among them playing for Brooklyn's 1916 National League championship team; but he also developed a reputation as a clown. After repeated clashes over pay with the Dodgers owner, Charlie Ebbets, Stengel was traded to the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1918; however, he enlisted in the Navy that summer, for the remainder of World War I. After returning to baseball, he continued his pay disputes, resulting in trades to the Philadelphia Phillies (in 1919) and to the New York Giants (in 1921). There, he learned much about baseball from the manager, John McGraw, and had some of the glorious moments in his career, such as hitting an inside-the-park home run in Game 1 of the 1923 World Series to defeat the Yankees. His major league playing career ended with the Boston Braves in 1925, but he then began a career as a manager. The first twenty years of Stengel's second career brought mostly poor finishes, especially during his MLB managerial stints with the Dodgers (1934-1936) and Braves (1938-1943). He thereafter enjoyed some success on the minor league level, and Yankee general manager George Weiss hired him as manager in October 1948. Stengel's Yankees won the World Series five consecutive times (1949-1953), the only time that has been achieved. Although the team won ten pennants in his twelve seasons, and won seven World Series, his final two years brought less success, with a third-place finish in 1959, and a loss in the 1960 World Series. By then aged 70, he was dismissed by the Yankees shortly after the defeat. Stengel had become famous for his humorous and sometimes disjointed way of speech while with the Yankees, and these skills of showmanship served the expansion Mets well when they hired him in late 1961. He promoted the team tirelessly, as well as managing it to a 40-120 win-loss record, the most losses of any 20th century MLB team. The team finished last all four years he managed it, but was boosted by considerable support from fans. Stengel retired in 1965, and became a fixture at baseball events for the rest of his life. Although Stengel is sometimes described as one of the great managers in major league history, others have contrasted his success during the Yankee years with his lack of success at other times, and concluded he was a good manager only when given good players. Stengel is remembered as one of the great characters in baseball history. Casey Stengel died of cancer of the lymph glands at Glendale Memorial Hospital in Glendale, California, aged 85. Stengel is interred in the Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery in Glendale. The tributes to Stengel upon his death were many. Maury Allen wrote, "He is gone and I am supposed to cry, but I laugh. Every time I saw the man, every time I heard his voice, every time his name was mentioned, the creases in my mouth would give way and a smile would come to my face". Richie Ashburn, a member of the 1962 Mets, stated, "Don't shed any tears for Casey. He wouldn't want you to ... He was the happiest man I've ever seen". Jim Murray of the Los Angeles Times wrote, "God is certainly getting an earful tonight". On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/jack-benny-presents-golden-memories-of-radio-6-album-set-mp3-63.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: WWII Films: Latin America At War DVD, MP4 Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1941: The Interwar Period (The Interbellum, Between The Wars): Foreign Policy Doctrines Of The United States: United States-Latin America Relations: The Presidency Of Franklin D. Roosevelt: The Good Neighbor Policy (Spanish: Politica De Buena Vecindad; Portuguese: Politica De Boa Vizinhanca): -- The Office Of The Coordinator Of Inter-American Affairs (OCIAA), later known as the Office For Inter-American Affairs, a United States agency promoting inter-American cooperation (Pan-Americanism) during the 1940s, especially in commercial and economic areas, and to counter Italian and German propaganda in the region, is formally established and enacted by US Executive Order 8840 by President Roosevelt in the Executive Office of the President, and named Nelson Rockefeller as the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs (CIAA). The Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs evolved from OCCCRBAR (Office for Coordination of Commercial and Cultural Relations between the American Republics) with Nelson Rockefeller as its head, appointed by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt in August 1940. Through OCIAA, the FBI trained the secret police of friendly nations. German sales to military forces was displaced by American aid. Pro-German newspapers and radio stations were blacklisted. Government censorship was encouraged, while Latin America was blanketed with pro-American propaganda. The OCIAA grew to be a large Federal agency with a budget of 38M USD and 1,500 employees by 1943. It was later renamed the Office of Inter-American Affairs (OIAA) with slightly changed powers by Executive order 9532 on March 23, 1945. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/wwii-films-latin-american-at-war-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Clive James' Fame In The 20th Century TV Series DVD Set MP4 USB Drive
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1947: #BOTD: #HBD! Arnold Schwarzenegger, nicknamed the "Austrian Oak" in his bodybuilding days, "Arnie" or "Schwarzy" during his acting career, and "the Governator" (a portmanteau of "Governor" and "Terminator") during his political career, Austrian-American bodybuilder, actor, businessman, filmmaker, and politician, 38th Governor of California from 2003 to 2011, best known for his roles in high-profile action movies, one of Time magazine's 100 most influential people in the world in 2004 and 2007, is #born Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger in Thal, Styria, Austria. Schwarzenegger began lifting weights at age 15 and won the Mr. Universe title aged 20, and subsequently the Mr. Olympia title seven times. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest bodybuilders of all time, and has written many books and articles about it. The Arnold Sports Festival, considered the second-most important bodybuilding event after Mr. Olympia, is named after him. He appeared in the bodybuilding documentary Pumping Iron (1977). He retired from bodybuilding and gained worldwide fame as a Hollywood action star, with his breakthrough in the sword and sorcery epic Conan the Barbarian (1982), a box-office hit with a sequel in 1984. After playing the title character in the science fiction film The Terminator (1984), he starred in Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991) and three other sequels. His other successful action films included Commando (1985), The Running Man (1987), Predator (1987), Total Recall (1990), and True Lies (1994), in addition to comedy films such as Twins (1988), Kindergarten Cop (1990) and Jingle All the Way (1996). He is the founder of the film production company Oak Productions. As a registered Republican, Schwarzenegger chaired the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports during most of the George H. W. Bush administration. On October 7, 2003, he was elected Governor of California in a special recall election to replace then-Governor Gray Davis. He received 48.6% of the vote, 17 points ahead of Democrat runner-up Cruz Bustamante. He was sworn in on November 17 to serve the remainder of Davis' term, and was reelected in the 2006 California gubernatorial election with an increased vote share of 55.9% to serve a full term. In 2011 he reached his term limit as governor and returned to acting. Schwarzenegger married Maria Shriver, a niece of President John F. Kennedy, in 1986. They separated in 2011 after he admitted to having fathered a child with their housemaid in 1997; their divorce was finalized in 2021. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/clive-james39-fame-in-the-20th-century-tv-series-dvd-set-mp4-usb-39204.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Mozart Mystique w/ Peter Ustinov DVD, MP4 Download, USB Drive
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1751: #BOTD: #HBD! Maria Anna Mozart, called Marianne and nicknamed Nannerl, Austrian pianist, older sister of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and daughter of Leopold and Anna Maria Mozart (d. October 29, 1829), is #born Maria Anna Walburga Ignatia Mozart in Salzburg, Austria. When she was seven years old, her father Leopold Mozart started teaching her to play the harpsichord. Leopold took her and Wolfgang on tours of many cities, such as Vienna and Paris, to showcase their talents. In the early days, she sometimes received top billing, and she was noted as an excellent harpsichord player and fortepianist. However, given the views of her parents, prevalent in her society at the time, it became impossible as she grew older for her to continue her career any further. According to The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (1878-present), "from 1769 onwards she was no longer permitted to show her artistic talent on travels with her brother, as she had reached a marriageable age." Wolfgang went on during the 1770s to many artistic triumphs while traveling in Italy with Leopold, but Marianne stayed at home in Salzburg with her mother. She likewise stayed home with Leopold when Wolfgang visited Paris and other cities (1777-1779) accompanied by his mother. There is evidence that Marianne wrote musical compositions, as there are letters from Wolfgang praising her work, but the voluminous correspondence of her father never mentions any of her compositions, and none have survived. Maria Anna Mozart died in Salzburg, Austrian Empire aged 78 years. She is buried in St Peter's Cemetery, Salzburg. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-mozart-mystique-dvd-peter-ustinov-2-part-tv-serie2.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Romantic Spirit TV Series DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1818: #BOTD: #HBD! Emily Bronte, English novelist and poet, best known for her only novel, Wuthering Heights, now considered a classic of English literature (d. December 19, 1848) is #born Emily Jane Bronte in Thornton, Yorkshire, England. She also published a book of poetry with her sisters Charlotte and Anne titled Poems by Currer, Ellis and Acton Bell with her own poems finding regard as poetic genius. Emily was the second-youngest of the four surviving Bronte siblings, between the youngest Anne and her brother Branwell. She published under the pen name Ellis Bell. Emily's health was probably weakened by the harsh local climate and by unsanitary conditions at home, where water was contaminated by run off from the graveyard of St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth, where she herself would ultimately be buried (in a letter from Charlotte Bronte to Ellen Nussey, Charlotte refers to the winter of 1833/4 which was unusually wet and there were a large number of deaths in the village thought to be caused by water running down from the churchyard). Her brother Branwell had died suddenly some three months earlier, on Sunday, September 24, 1848, an eveny which led Martha Brown, a housemaid, to declare that "Miss Emily died of a broken heart for love of her brother". At his funeral service, a week later, Emily caught a severe cold that quickly developed into inflammation of the lungs and led to tuberculosis. Though her condition worsened steadily, she rejected medical help and all offered remedies, saying that she would have "no poisoning doctor" near her. On the morning of Emily's death, Charlotte, fearing for her sister, wrote "She grows daily weaker. The physician's opinion was expressed too obscurely to be of use - he sent some medicine which she would not take. Moments so dark as these I have never known - I pray for God's support to us all." At noon, Emily was worse; she could only whisper in gasps. With her last audible words she said to Charlotte, "If you will send for a doctor, I will see him now", but it was too late, and died aged 30. According to Mary Robinson, an early biographer of Emily, it happened while she was sitting on the sofa. However, Charlotte's letter to William Smith Williams where she mentions Emily's dog, Keeper, lying at the side of her dying-bed, makes this statement seem unlikely. Emily had grown so thin that her coffin measured only 16 inches (40 centimeters) wide. The carpenter said he had never made a narrower one for an adult. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-romantic-spirit-tv-series-all-14-episodes-5-dual-layer-d145.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Firing Line Special Resolved Cold War Is Not Ending Debate DVD MP4 USB
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1940: #BOTD: #HBD! Pat Schroeder, American politician, Democratic representative of Colorado in the United States House Of Representatives from 1973-1997, first female U.S. Representative elected in Colorado, and beauty (d. March 13, 2023) is #born Patricia Nell Scott in Portland, Oregon, the daughter of Bernice (Lemoin), a first grade teacher, and Lee Combs Scott, a pilot who owned an aviation insurance company. She moved to Des Moines, Iowa, with her family as a child. After graduating from Theodore Roosevelt High School in 1958, she left Des Moines and attended the University of Minnesota, where she majored in history. She graduated with a B.A. in 1961 and later earned a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1964. Moving to Denver, Colorado, she worked for the National Labor Relations Board from 1964 to 1966. She later worked for Planned Parenthood and taught in Denver's public schools. Patricia Schroeder is a member of Chi Omega sorority. In 1972, Schroeder won an election for Congress in Colorado's first district, based in Denver, over freshman Republican incumbent Mike McKevitt. At age 32, Schroeder is the third-youngest woman ever elected to that body. McKevitt, previously the Denver district attorney, had been the first Republican to represent the district, regarded as the most Democratic in the Rockies, since Dean M. Gillespie in 1947. Schroeder won by just over 8,000 votes amid Richard Nixon's massive landslide that year. However, the district reverted to form, and she would never face another contest nearly that close. She was re-elected 11 more times against only nominal Republican opposition. Years later, Schroeder submitted a Freedom Of Information Act request for her FBI file and discovered that she and her staff had been under surveillance during her first congressional campaign. She learned that the FBI had recruited her husband's barber as an informant, and paid a man named Timothy Redfern to break into her home and steal "such all-important secret documents as my dues statement from the League of Women Voters and one of my campaign buttons". While in Congress, she became the first woman to serve on the House Armed Services Committee. She was also a Congress member of the original Select Committee on Children, Youth, and Families that was established in 1983. Known in her early tenure for balancing her congressional work with motherhood, even bringing diapers to the floor of Congress, she was known for advocacy on work-family issues, a prime mover behind the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 and the 1985 Military Family Act. Schroeder was also involved in reform of Congress itself, working to weaken the long-standing control of committees by their chairs, sparring with Speaker Carl Albert over congressional "hideaways," and questioning why Congress members who lived in their offices should not be taxed for the benefit. She chaired the 1988 presidential campaign of Gary Hart in 1987 until his withdrawal, at which point she briefly entered the race, before announcing her own withdrawal in an emotional press conference on September 28, 1987. Twenty years later, she said, she was still receiving hate mail-mostly from women-because of her tears. "Guys have been tearing up all along and people think it's marvelous," she said, citing episodes dating back to Ronald Reagan; but for female candidates, it remains off-limits. She did not seek a thirteenth term in 1996 and was succeeded by state house minority whip Diana DeGette, a fellow Democrat. In her farewell press conference, she joked about "spending 24 years in a federal institution", and titled her 1998 memoir, 24 years of House Work...and the Place Is Still a Mess. Schroeder was named president and CEO of the Association of American Publishers in 1997 and served in that post for 11 years. She has been a vocal proponent of stronger copyright law, supporting the government in Eldred v. Ashcroft and opposing Google's plan to digitize books and post limited content online. She has publicly criticized libraries for distributing electronic content without compensation to publishers, writers and others in the publishing industry, telling the Washington Post, "They aren't rich...they have mortgages." At the same time, she has tried to make the publishing industry more socially responsible, cooperating with organizations for the blind and others with reading difficulties to help make materials more accessible to them, particularly by encouraging publishers to release books so that nonprofit groups can transfer them to electronic formats. She has also sat on the panel of judges for the PEN / Newman's Own Award, a 25K USD award designed to recognize the protection of free speech as it applies to the written word. In July 2012, Schroeder narrated a children's book app, "The House that Went on Strike", a rhyming, interactive and musical tale that teaches kids (and their parents) respect for the household. Schroeder was chosen to narrate because of her stature as a celebrated House mom, and the metaphorical title of her memoir. Schroeder wrote about her experience narrating the story and offered her perspective about kids book apps in a July 24, 2012, column on The Huffington Post. Additionally, Schroeder and the book were featured in a profile on Wired. Schroeder's work on the app was praised in a favorable review on Smart Apps for Kids, one of the leading app review sites for kids. In 1979, the Supersisters trading card set was produced and distributed; one of the cards featured Schroeder's name and picture. Schroeder was lampooned on Saturday Night Live in 1988 in a skit where Nora Dunn, acting as Schroeder, repeatedly burst into tears while moderating a Democratic primary debate. During the 1995 budget debates, after Democrats claimed that Social Security payments would leave seniors with no choice but to eat dog food, Rush Limbaugh said in jest that he was going to get his mother a can opener. Schroeder denounced Limbaugh's remark on the floor of the House. Schroeder was named to the National Women's Hall of Fame in 1995. Schroeder was portrayed by Jan Radcliff in the 2016 HBO film Confirmation. Schroeder coined the famous phrase "Teflon President" to describe Ronald Reagan. She was frying eggs in a Teflon pan one morning when the idea came to her. Publisher's Weekly reported that in her memoir she mentioned Richard Nixon, who wore makeup all the time, by saying "I had an incredible urge to wash his face". She relayed that actor John Wayne had once offered her a cigarette lighter engraved with the inscription "Fuck communism - John Wayne". The office of the clerk of the House of Representatives shares that "from her seat on the Armed Services Committee, she once told Pentagon officials that if they were women, they would always be pregnant because they never said 'no'." Author Rebecca Traister has recalled that Schroeder responded to concerns about balancing political life with motherhood by saying "I have a brain and a uterus, and they both work." During the debate whether to pass the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), Schroeder said in opposition, "You can't amend the Constitution with a statute. Everybody knows that. This is just stirring the political waters and seeing what hate you can unleash." In a 1995 exchange, in which former Representative Duke Cunningham told Bernie Sanders to "sit down, you socialist," after he objected to Cunningham's homophobic comment, Schroeder asked "Parliamentary inquiry, Mr. Chairman - do we have to call the Gentleman a gentleman if he's not one?" Pat Schroeder died from complications of a stroke at a hospital in Celebration, Florida, at age 82. She is buried at The Congressional Cemetery in Washington, D.C. She once asked that a brick be made from her cremated remains to hold doors open for other women. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/firing-line-special-resolved-cold-war-is-not-ending-debate-dvd-mp4-us4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Clarence Thomas And Anita Hill Public Hearing Private Pain DVD MP4 USB
Today, July 30, 2026

July 30, 1956: #BOTD: #HBD! Anita Hill, African American lawyer and academic, is #born Anita Faye Hill to a family of farmers in Lone Tree, Oklahoma, the youngest of Albert and Erma Hill's 13 children. She is a university professor of social policy, law, and women's studies at Brandeis University and a faculty member of the university's Heller School for Social Policy and Management. She became a national figure in 1991 when, after allegations were leaked to the media from a confidential FBI report, she accused U.S. Supreme Court nominee Clarence Thomas, her supervisor at the United States Department of Education and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, of sexual harassment during the Clarence Thomas Supreme Court Nomination Hearings toward the end of the confirmation process. Despite these allegations, Thomas was nonetheless narrowly confirmed by a Senate vote of 52 to 48. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/clarence-thomas-and-anita-hill-public-hearing-private-pain-dvd-mp4-us4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Rock & Roll An Unruly History 10 Part TV Series MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, July 30, 2026
July 30, 2003: #DOTD: #RIP: Sam Phillips, American record producer who played a major role in the development of rock and roll during the 1950s, launching the careers of his recording artists Elvis Presley, Roy Orbison, Jerry Lee Lewis, Carl Perkins, Johnny Cash, and Howlin' Wolf, founder of Sun Records and Sun Studio in Memphis, Tennessee (b. January 5, 1923) #dies of respiratory failure, aged 80, at St. Francis Hospital in Memphis,] only one day before the original Sun Studio was designated a National Historic Landmark, and just over a month before the death of former Sun Records recording star Johnny Cash, on September 12, 2003. Phillips is interred in the Memorial Park Cemetery in Memphis. Sam Phillips was born Samuel Cornelius Phillips on a 200-acre farm near Florence, Alabama, the youngest of the eight children of Madge Ella (nee Lovelace) and Charles Tucker Phillips. Phillips was the owner and operator of radio stations in Memphis; Florence, Alabama; and Lake Worth Beach, Florida. He was also an early investor in the Holiday Inn chain of hotels and an advocate for racial equality, helping to break down racial barriers in the music industry. https://store.earthstation1.com/rock-amp-roll-an-unruly-history-10-part-tv-series-mp4-video-download-104.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Television: A History Of Broadcast TV DVD MP4 Download USB Drive
Today, July 30, 2026
July 30, 2023: #DOTD: #RIP: Paul Reubens, comedian, writer, and producer, best known for his character Pee-Wee Herman (b. August 27, 1952) #dies on a Sunday of acute hypoxic respiratory failure at age 70 at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles; the public is not informed until the following afternoon. At the time of his death he was diagnosed with both myelogenous leukemia and metastatic lung cancer. He had been diagnosed six years earlier, but had not revealed his diagnosis to the public. Following his death, a statement written by Reubens was released: "Please accept my apology for not going public with what I've been facing the last six years. I have always felt a huge amount of love and respect from my friends, fans and supporters. I have loved you all so much and enjoyed making art for you." Reubens was cremated, and his remains are interred at Hollywood Forever Cemetery. Paul Reubens was born Paul Rubenfeld into a Jewish family in Peekskill, New York. His father had flown for Britain's Royal Air Force and for the U.S. Army Air Forces in World War II, and later became one of the founding pilots of the Israeli Air Force during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. An Orthodox Jew, he was one of five Jewish pilots to fly against Arab forces in smuggled fighter planes. Reubens spent much of his childhood in Oneonta, New York. As a child, he frequented the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus, whose winter headquarters were in Sarasota. The circus atmosphere sparked Reubens's interest in entertainment, and influenced his later work. He also loved to watch reruns of I Love Lucy, which made him want to make people laugh. Paul Reubens joined the Los Angeles troupe The Groundlings in the 1970s, and started his career as an improvisational comedian and stage actor. In 1982, Reubens began appearing in a show about a character he had been developing for years. The show was called The Pee-Wee Herman Show, and ran for five sold-out months; HBO also produced a successful special about it. Pee-Wee became an instant cult figure and, for the next decade, Reubens was completely committed to his character, doing all of his public appearances and interviews as Pee-Wee. His feature film, Pee-Wee's Big Adventure (1985), directed by Tim Burton, was a financial and critical success, and soon developed into a cult film. Its sequel, Big Top Pee-Wee (1988), was less successful. Between 1986 and 1990, Reubens starred as Pee-Wee in the CBS Saturday-morning children's program Pee-Wee's Playhouse. Thereafter, Reubens decided to take a sabbatical from Pee-Wee. In July 1991, Reubens was arrested for indecent exposure in an adult theater in Sarasota, Florida. The arrest set off a chain reaction of national media attention that changed the general public's view of Reubens and Pee-Wee. The arrest postponed Reubens' involvement in major projects until 1999, when he appeared in several big-budget projects including Mystery Men (1999) and Blow (2001), and Reubens started giving interviews as himself rather than as Pee-Wee. Since 2006, Reubens has been making cameos and appearances in numerous projects, such as Reno 911! (2006), 30 Rock (2007), Pushing Daisies (2007), The Blacklist (2014-2015), Accidental Love (2015) and Mosaic (2018). He also played the voice role of Pavel in the Disney XD television series Tron: Uprising (2012-2013). Since the 1990s, Reubens has worked on two possible Pee-Wee films: one dark and adult, dubbed The Pee-Wee Herman Story, the other a family-friendly epic adventure called Pee-Wee's Playhouse: The Movie. In 2010, he starred on Broadway in The Pee-Wee Herman Show. In 2016, Reubens co-wrote and starred in the Netflix original film Pee-Wee's Big Holiday, reprising his role as Pee-Wee Herman. https://store.earthstation1.com/television-1988-tv-documentary-series-8-shows-4-dual-laye198884.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Slipstream Jethro Tull Original 1981 Video Release DVD MP4 USB Drive
Today, July 30, 2026
July 30, 1946: #BOTD: #HBD! Jeffrey Hammond, also known as Jeffrey Hammond-Hammond, English bass player, artist, musician, and former bass guitar player for the progressive rock band Jethro Tull, is #born Blackpool, Lancashire, England. Hammond adopted the name "Hammond-Hammond" as a joke, since both his father's name and mother's maiden name were the same. He also joked in interviews that his mother defiantly chose to keep her maiden name, just like Eleanor Roosevelt. With Jethro Tull, Hammond played on some of the band's most successful and well-known albums: Aqualung (1971), Thick As A Brick (1972), Living In The Past (Compilation, 1972), A Passion Play (1973), War Child (1974). and Minstrel in the Gallery (1975). Hammond met Ian Anderson in grammar school and formed a band with him and future Jethro Tull members John Evan and Barriemore Barlow. After school, he gave up music he went to study painting. Meanwhile, Anderson formed Jethro Tull and wrote several songs about his friend's idiosyncrasies, such as "A Song for Jeffrey" (on the album This Was), "Jeffrey Goes to Leicester Square" (Stand Up) and "For Michael Collins, Jeffrey and Me" (Benefit). Hammond is also mentioned in the lyrics of the Benefit track "Inside". In January 1971, when Glenn Cornick left the band, Anderson talked Hammond into joining Jethro Tull. According to Anderson, it was Hammond who came up with a name for the "claghorn", a hybrid instrument Anderson made by attaching the mouthpiece from a saxophone and the bell of a toy trumpet to the body of a bamboo flute. The instrument can be heard on the track "Dharma for One" on the album This Was. According to Anderson, "clag" was a term Hammond used for feces, "so 'claghorn' presumably because it sounded shit!" In addition to playing bass, he narrated the surreal piece "The Story of the Hare Who Lost His Spectacles" on the album A Passion Play. He also received credit, along with Anderson and Evan, for writing the piece. During his time in Jethro Tull, Hammond used to wear a black-and-white-striped suit and played a matching bass guitar; Hammond burned the suit in December 1975 upon his departure from the band. According to Ian Anderson's sleevenotes for the 2002 reissue of Tull's Minstrel in the Gallery, Hammond "returned to his first love, painting, and put down his bass guitar, never to play again." His replacement as bass player was John Glascock, a professional musician from the band Carmen. Hammond made one attempt to rejoin Jethro Tull in the mid-1980s, as told by Ian Anderson during Alan Freeman's Friday Rock Show in March 1988, while providing comments for the broadcast of Tull's show at Hammersmith Odeon which Capital Radio was airing. According to Anderson, "Jeffrey was almost about to re-join the band", but despite one audition being made with the band, the bass player declared himself unable to play the rather difficult music of Jethro Tull and decided to give up. Hammond attended Jethro Tull's 25th anniversary reunion party in 1994. He participated in an interview, along with Ian Anderson and Martin Barre, that was featured as a bonus track on the 1997 reissue of Thick As A Brick. https://store.earthstation1.com/slipstream-jethro-tull-original-1981-video-release-dvd-mp4-usb-19814.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Birth Of Europe: Ice Age To 20th Century DVD, Video Download, USB
Today, July 30, 2026
July 30, 1898: #DOTD: Otto von Bismarck, nicknamed The Iron Chancellor, Prussian and later German lawyer, statesman and diplomat, conservative Prussian statesman who dominated German and European affairs from the 1860s until 1890, first Chancellor Of The German Empire between 1871 and 1890 (b. April 1 (April Fools Day), 1815) #dies from a complex of chronic illnesses such as untreated gangrene just after midnight at the age of 83 in Friedrichsruh, Schleswig-Holstein, Prussia, German Empire, where he is entombed in the Bismarck Mausoleum. He was succeeded as Prince Bismarck by his eldest son, Herbert. Bismarck managed a posthumous acrimonious snub of Emperor (Kaiser) Wilhelm II by having his own sarcophagus inscribed with the words, "A loyal German servant of Emperor Wilhelm I". Otto, Prince of Bismarck, Count of Bismarck-Schonhausen, Duke of Lauenburg, was born Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck on April Fools Day at Schonhausen, Saxony, Kingdom of Prussia (modern Germany) on a noble family estate west of Berlin in Prussian Saxony into the upper class Junker landowner family of Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand von Bismarck (1771-1845), Junker estate owner and former Prussian military officer, and Wilhelmine Luise Mencken (1789-1839), the well-educated daughter of a senior government official in Berlin. In 1862, King Wilhelm I appointed Bismarck as Minister President of Prussia, a position he would hold until 1890, with the exception of a short break in 1873. He provoked three short, decisive wars against Denmark, Austria, and France. Following the win against Austria, he abolished the supranational German Confederation and instead formed the North German Confederation as the first German national state in 1867, leading it as Federal Chancellor. This aligned the smaller North German states behind Prussia. Later receiving the support of the independent South German states in the Confederation's defeat of France, he formed the German Empire in 1871, unifying Germany with himself as Imperial Chancellor, while retaining control of Prussia at the same time. The new German nation excluded Austria, which had been Prussia's main opponent for predominance among the German states. With that accomplished by 1871, he skillfully used balance of power diplomacy to maintain Germany's position in a Europe which, despite many disputes and war scares, remained at peace. For historian Eric Hobsbawm, it was Bismarck who "remained undisputed world champion at the game of multilateral diplomatic chess for almost twenty years after 1871, [and] devoted himself exclusively, and successfully, to maintaining peace between the powers". However, his annexation of Alsace-Lorraine gave new fuel to French nationalism and promoted Germanophobia in France. This helped set the stage for the First World War. Bismarck's diplomacy of realpolitik and powerful rule at home gained him the nickname the "Iron Chancellor". German unification and its rapid economic growth was the foundation to his foreign policy. He disliked colonialism but reluctantly built an overseas empire when it was demanded by both elite and mass opinion. Juggling a very complex interlocking series of conferences, negotiations and alliances, he used his diplomatic skills to maintain Germany's position and used the balance of power to keep Europe at peace in the 1870s and 1880s. A master of complex politics at home, Bismarck created the first welfare state in the modern world, with the goal of gaining working class support that might otherwise go to his Socialist enemies. In the 1870s, he allied himself with the Liberals (who were low-tariff and anti-Catholic) and fought the Catholic Church in what was called the Kulturkampf ("culture struggle"). He lost that battle as the Catholics responded by forming a powerful Centre party and using universal male suffrage to gain a bloc of seats. Bismarck then reversed himself, ended the Kulturkampf, broke with the Liberals, imposed protective tariffs, and formed a political alliance with the Centre Party to fight the Socialists. A devout Lutheran, he was loyal to his king, who argued with Bismarck but in the end supported him against the advice of his wife and his heir. While the Reichstag, Germany's parliament, was elected by universal male suffrage, it did not have much control of government policy. Bismarck distrusted democracy and ruled through a strong, well-trained bureaucracy with power in the hands of a traditional Junker elite that consisted of the landed nobility in eastern Prussia. Under Wilhelm I, Bismarck largely controlled domestic and foreign affairs, until he was removed by the young Kaiser Wilhelm II in 1890, at the age of seventy-five. Bismarck, a Junker himself, was strong-willed, outspoken and overbearing, but he could also be polite, charming and witty. Occasionally he displayed a violent temper, and he kept his power by melodramatically threatening resignation time and again, which cowed Wilhelm I. He possessed not only a long-term national and international vision but also the short-term ability to juggle complex developments. As the leader of what historians call "revolutionary conservatism", Bismarck became a hero to German nationalists; they built many monuments honoring the founder of the new Reich. Many historians praise him as a visionary who was instrumental in uniting Germany and, once that had been accomplished, kept the peace in Europe through adroit diplomacy. Jonathan Steinberg, a 2011 biographer of Bismarck, wrote that he was "a political genius of a very unusual kind [whose success] rested on several sets of conflicting characteristics among which brutal, disarming honesty mingled with the wiles and deceits of a confidence man. He played his parts with perfect self-confidence, yet mixed them with rage, anxiety, illness, hypochrondria, and irrationality. ... He used democracy when it suited him, negotiated with revolutionaries and the dangerous Ferdinand Lassalle, the socialist who might have contested his authority. He utterly dominated his cabinet ministers with a sovereign contempt and blackened their reputations as soon as he no longer needed them. He outwitted the parliamentary parties, even the strongest of them, and betrayed all those ... who had put him into power. By 1870 even his closest friends ... realized that they had helped put a demonic figure into power." https://store.earthstation1.com/the-birth-of-europe-european-history-from-the-ice-age-to-20th-centu20.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: World War 1 TV Series With Robert Ryan DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
Today, July 30, 2026
July 30, 1918: #DOTD: #RIP: Joyce Kilmer, American soldier, journalist, and poet (b. December 6, 1886) #dies aged 31 when struck by a sniper's bullet near Ourcy, France at the age of 31 during the Second Battle Of The Marne. He is buried at Oise-Aisne American Cemetery and Memorial in Fere-en-Tardenois, Departement de l'Aisne, Picardy, France. Joyce Kilmer was born Alfred Joyce Kilmer in New Brunswick, New Jersey. Alfred Joyce Kilmer is mainly remembered for a short poem titled "Trees" (1913), which was published in the collection Trees and Other Poems in 1914. Though a prolific poet whose works celebrated the common beauty of the natural world as well as his Roman Catholic religious faith, Kilmer was also a journalist, literary critic, lecturer, and editor. While most of his works are largely unknown, a select few of his poems remain popular and are published frequently in anthologies. Several critics-including both Kilmer's contemporaries and modern scholars-have disparaged Kilmer's work as being too simple and overly sentimental, and suggested that his style was far too traditional, even archaic. Many writers, including notably Ogden Nash, have parodied Kilmer's work and style-as attested by the many parodies of "Trees". At the time of his deployment to Europe during World War I, Kilmer was considered the leading American Roman Catholic poet and lecturer of his generation, whom critics often compared to British contemporaries G. K. Chesterton (1874-1936) and Hilaire Belloc (1870-1953). He enlisted in the New York National Guard and was deployed to France with the 69th Infantry Regiment (the famous "Fighting 69th") in 1917. He was married to Aline Murray, also an accomplished poet and author, with whom he had five children. The U.S. Army's Camp Kilmer was named in his honor. Camp Kilmer, New Jersey is a former United States Army camp that was activated in June 1942 as a staging area and part of an installation of the New York Port of Embarkation. The camp was organized as part of the Army Service Forces Transportation Corps. Located in Piscataway Township, New Jersey and Edison Township, New Jersey, the closest city was New Brunswick two miles to the south. Troops were quartered at Camp Kilmer in preparation for transport to the European Theater of Operations in World War II. Eventually, it became the largest processing center for troops heading overseas and returning from World War II, processing over 2.5 million soldiers. It officially closed in 2009. https://store.earthstation1.com/world-war-1-robert-ryan-4-dual-layer-dvds-26-episode-tv-se1426.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Vietnam: The Ten Thousand Day War TV Series DVD, Video Download, USB
Today, July 30, 2026
July 30, 1997: #DOTD: Bao Dai (Vietnamese: lit. "Keeper Of Greatness"), born Nguyen Phuc Vinh Thuy, 13th and final Emperor of the Nguyen dynasty, the last ruling family of Vietnam (b. October 22, 1913) #dies in Val-de-Grace military hospital at 74 boulevard de Port-Royal in the 5th arrondissement of Paris, France, aged 83. He is interred in the Passy Cemetery (Cimetiere de Passy), a small cemetery in Passy, in the 16th arrondissement of Paris, France, near The Eiffel Tower. Bao Dai was born with the given the name of Prince Nguyen Phuc Vinh Thuy in the Palace of Doan-Trang-Vien, part of the compound of the Purple Forbidden City in Hue, the capital of Vietnam. From 1926 to 1945, he was Emperor of Annam. During this period, Annam was a protectorate within French Indochina, covering the central two-thirds of the present-day Vietnam. Bao Dai ascended the throne in 1932. The Japanese ousted the Vichy-French administration in March 1945 and then ruled through Bao Dai. At this time, he renamed his country "Vietnam". He abdicated in August 1945 when Japan surrendered. From 1949 until 1955, Bao Dai was the chief of state of the State of Vietnam (South Vietnam). Bao Dai was criticized for being too closely associated with France and spending much of his time outside Vietnam. Prime Minister Ngo Dinh Diem eventually ousted him by calling for a referendum vote in 1955. The campaign leading up to the referendum was punctuated by personal attacks against the former emperor. His supporters had no way to refute them, as campaigning for Bao Dai was forbidden. The October 23 referendum was widely reckoned as fraudulent, showing an implausible 98% in favor of a republic. As it turned out, the official results showed that the total number of votes for a republic exceeded the total number of registered voters by some 380,000 - an obvious sign of fraud. According to Joseph Buttinger, who was based in Vietnam as the second in command at the International Rescue Committee, the methods Diem used to influence the poll were "outrageous". Buttinger said that while the monarchy was "another rotten relic of Vietnam's past" and Bao Dai "its last, unworthy representative", fraud and intimidation were unnecessary as Diem would have won easily in any event. https://store.earthstation1.com/vietnam-the-10000-day-war-4-dual-layer-dvds-all-13-10000413.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Lost Howdy Doody Childrens TV Shows DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
Today, July 30, 2026
July 30, 1998: #DOTD: #RIP: Buffalo Bob Smith, American actor and television host (b. November 27, 1917) #dies aged 80 of cancer in a hospital in Hendersonville, North Carolina, three days before puppeteer Shari Lewis, whose show coincidentally had taken over the time slot which Howdy Doody had previously occupied. His cenotaph is at Pinecrest Presbyterian Church Memorial Garden in Flat Rock, North Carolina. He was born Robert Emil Schmidt in Buffalo, New York, he was the host of the children' show Howdy Doody, an American children' television program with circus and Western frontier themes that was telecast on the NBC network. It was a pioneer in children' television programming and set the pattern for many similar shows. One of the first television series produced at NBC in Rockefeller Center, in Studio 3A, it was also a pioneer in early color production as NBC, at the time owned by TV maker RCA, used the show in part to sell color television sets in the 1950s. It ran from December 27, 1947, until September 24, 1960. In 1970 and 1971, Smith embarked on a live tour of college campuses. The shows, organized by producer Burt DuBrow, mixed nostalgia with more contemporary humor, such as Buffalo Bob finding a package of Zig Zags (rolling paper) allegedly belonging to Clarabelle. One show, on April 4, 1971, was recorded and released as an LP, on the label "Project 3 Total Sound Stereo". It was titled, "Buffalo Bob Smith Live at Bill Graham' Fillmore East". He had a summer residence in Grand Lake Stream, Maine, as well as owning radio station WQDY in Calais, Maine. In 1976, Smith reunited with longtime show producer Roger Muir and several of the original cast to produce a new daily syndicated Howdy Doody Show. https://store.earthstation1.com/lost-howdy-doody-shows-2-dual-layer-dvd-se2.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Ingmar Bergman: The Magic Lantern Documentary DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, July 30, 2026
July 30, 2007: #DOTD: #RIP: Ingmar Bergman, Swedish director, producer, and screenwriter (b. July 14, 1918) #dies in his sleep at age 89; his body was found at his home on the Baltic Sea island of Faro off mainland Sweden's southeastern coast. He is buried at Faro Cemetery. Ingmar Bergman was born Ernst Ingmar Bergman in Uppsala, Sweden. He was a Swedish director, writer, and producer who worked in film, television, theatre and radio. He is recognized as one of the most accomplished and influential auteurs of all time, and is most famous for films such as The Seventh Seal (1957), Wild Strawberries (1957), Persona (1966), Cries and Whispers (1972) and Fanny and Alexander (1982). Also well-regarded are works such as Winter Light (1963), The Silence (1963), and Scenes from a Marriage (1973). https://store.earthstation1.com/ingmar-bergman-the-magic-lantern-dvd-biographical-documentary.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Lux Radio Theatre w/ Cecil B. DeMille MP3 Set DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, July 30, 2026
July 30, 1996: #DOTD: #RIP: Claudette Colbert, French-American stage, film and radio actress, and beauty (b. September 13, 1903) #dies after sustaining a series of small strokes during the last three years of her life in Speightstown, Barbados, where she had employed a housekeeper and two cooks, aged 92. Her remains were transported to New York City for cremation and funeral services. A requiem mass was later held at Church of St. Vincent Ferrer in Manhattan. Her ashes are laid to rest in the Godings Bay Church Cemetery, Speightstown, Saint Peter, Barbados, alongside her mother and second husband. Colbert never had children. She left most of her estate, estimated at 3.5M USD and including her Manhattan apartment and Bellerive, to a long-time friend, Helen O'Hagan, a retired director of corporate relations at Saks Fifth Avenue. Colbert met O'Hagan in 1961 on the set of Parrish, her last film. While carving out a career at Saks, Ms. O'Hagan was the best friend and companion of the actress Claudette Colbert, after Ms. Colbert's second husband died in 1968. Though Ms. Colbert was nearly 30 years older, the pair traveled together, entertained together at Ms. Colbert's Barbados estate and shared an apartment at 945 Fifth Avenue. After Pressman's death, Colbert instructed her friends to treat O'Hagan as they had Pressman, "as her spouse". Although O'Hagan was financially comfortable without the generous bequest, Bellerive was sold for over 2M USD to David Geffen. According to O'Hagan's niece Helaine Christy, their relationship was not a romance. "Helen was definite about that," she said. "But they loved each other and made each other laugh. Helen was like the daughter Claudette never had." Colbert's will also left 150K USD to her niece Coco Lewis; a trust of over 100K USD to UCLA, in Pressman's memory; and 75K USD to Marie Corbin, her Bajan housekeeper. Claudette Colbert was born Emilie Claudette Chauchoin in Saint-Mande, France. Colbert began her career in Broadway productions during the late 1920s and progressed to motion pictures with the advent of talking pictures. Initially associated with Paramount Pictures, she gradually shifted to working as a freelance actress. She won the Academy Award for Best Actress in It Happened One Night (1934), and received two other Academy Award nominations. Other notable films include Cleopatra (1934) and The Palm Beach Story (1942). With her round face, big eyes, charming, aristocratic manner, and flair for light comedy, as well as emotional drama, Colbert was known for a versatility that led to her becoming one of the industry's best-paid stars of the 1930s and 1940s and, in 1938 and 1942, the highest-paid star. During her career, Colbert starred in more than 60 movies. Among her frequent co-stars were Fred MacMurray in seven films (1935-49), and Fredric March in four films (1930-33). By the early 1950s, Colbert had basically retired from the screen in favor of television and stage work, and she earned a Tony Award nomination for The Marriage-Go-Round in 1959. Her career tapered off during the early 1960s, but in the late 1970s she experienced a career resurgence in theater, earning a Sarah Siddons Award for her Chicago theater work in 1980. For her television work in The Two Mrs. Grenvilles (1987), she won a Golden Globe Award and received an Emmy Award nomination. In 1999, the American Film Institute voted Colbert the 12th-greatest female star of classic Hollywood cinema. https://store.earthstation1.com/complete-lux-radio-theatre-2-dual-layer-mp3-dvds-cecil-b-demil23.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Going Hollywood: The War Years U.S. WWII Cinema DVD Download USB Drive
Today, July 30, 2026
July 30, 2016: #DOTD: #RIP: Gloria DeHaven, American actress, singer, dancer, pin-up girl and beauty who was a contract movie star for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) (b. July 23, 1925) #dies in Las Vegas of undisclosed causes a week after her 91st birthday while in hospice care after having had a stroke a few months earlier. Her remains were cremated, and the ashes given to her four children. She was born Gloria Mildred DeHaven in Los Angeles, California, the daughter of actor-director Carter DeHaven and actress Flora Parker DeHaven, both former vaudeville performers. A 1983 newspaper article reported, "Miss DeHaven ... says that her real family name was O'Callahan before her father legally changed his name to DeHaven. Her original last name was O'Callahan before her father legally changed it to DeHaven. She began her career as a child actor with a bit part in Charlie Chaplin's Modern Times (1936). She signed a contract with MGM, and had featured roles in such films as Best Foot Forward (1943), The Thin Man Goes Home (1944), Scene of the Crime (1949) and Summer Stock (1950), and was voted by exhibitors as the third most likely to be a "star of tomorrow'" in 1944. She portrayed her own mother, Flora Parker DeHaven, in the Fred Astaire film Three Little Words (1950). She then took a long break from the screen, largely to showcase her musical talents, and to act on stage and television. Being cast as a singer in many of her films, including I'll Get By, So This Is Paris and The Girl Rush, and performing numbers in many of her movies, DeHaven also sang with the bands of Jan Savitt and Bob Crosby and at one time had her own nightclub act. DeHaven appeared often in the 1950's at the El Rancho Vegas, the first full service hotel casino on the Las Vegas Strip. During the early 1960s, DeHaven recorded for the small Seeco label, where she appeared on the 1962 compilation album Gloria Lynne and Her Friends. She was also heard on four of the Revisited compilations produced by Ben Bagley. DeHaven's Broadway debut came in 1955. She played Diane in the musical version of Seventh Heaven. She also toured in a summer stock production of No, No, Nanette. On television, DeHaven appeared in the soap operas Ryan's Hope (as Bess Shelby), As the World Turns (as Sara Fuller), and Mary Hartman, Mary Hartman. She was one of the numerous celebrities who appeared in the all-star box office flop, Won Ton Ton, the Dog Who Saved Hollywood (1976), and guest-starred in television series, including Robert Montgomery Presents; Appointment with Adventure (episode entitled "The Snow People"); The Guy Mitchell Show; Johnny Ringo (as Rosemary Blake in "Love Affair"); The Rifleman; Wagon Train; The Lloyd Bridges Show; Flipper; Marcus Welby, M.D.; Gunsmoke; Mannix; The Eddie Capra Mysteries; Fantasy Island; Hart to Hart; The Love Boat; Mama's Family; Highway to Heaven; Murder, She Wrote; and Touched by an Angel. On March 21, 1974, Gloria appeared as a guest on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson. Later that year, she was cast in the short-lived police drama Nakia., She also appeared with Horace Heidt on his "Swift Family Show Wagon" in 1955. From January 1969 to February 1971, DeHaven hosted a morning call-in movie show on WABC-TV in New York City. She also appeared on five episodes of Match Game 75 as a guest panelist. After a 47 year long absence from the screen, DeHaven appeared as the love interest of Jack Lemmon in the comedy Out to Sea (1997), also starring Walter Matthau. DeHaven was a staunch Republican and attributed her youthful appearance in later years to an organic diet and faith in prayer. DeHaven has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6933 Hollywood Blvd. https://store.earthstation1.com/going-hollywood-the-war-years-us-wwii-cinema-dvd-download-usb-drive.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Black Stars In Orbit: The Black Astronauts Of NASA MP4 Download Or DVD
Today, July 30, 2026
July 30, 2022: #DOTD: #RIP: Nichelle Nichols, African American actress, singer, voice artist and beauty, best known for her portrayal of Nyota Uhura in Star Trek: The Original Series, and its film sequels, the individual most responsible for successfully recruiting women and blacks into NASA's space program (b. December 28, 1932) #dies of heart failure in Silver City, New Mexico at the age of 89. Her ashes were launched into space inside a Peregrine spacecraft atop a fittingly-named Vulcan rocket. It was originally intended that the spacecraft, which contains the ashes of Nichols, Gene Roddenberry, Majel Barrett-Roddenberry, DeForest Kelley, James Doohan, and Star Trek director and visual effects supervisor Douglas Trumbull, would go to the moon, but in January 10, 2024 it was announced that the craft did not have enough power to to make the trip and would instead go into deep space. Nichelle Nichols was born Grace Dell Nichols in Robbins, Illinois, near Chicago, to Samuel Earl Nichols, a factory worker who was elected both town mayor of Robbins and its chief magistrate, and his wife, Salish (Parks) Nichols. Nichols' portrayal as Uhura was groundbreaking for African American female characters on American television. From 1977 to 2015, Nichols played a leading and important role in NASA to promote to and recruit blacks, women and other ethnic minorities to become astronauts and space program employees, an effort that had been wholely unsuccessful until Nichol made of it a great success. https://store.earthstation1.com/black-stars-in-orbit-the-black-astronauts-of-nasa-mp4-download-or-dvd.html